Evaluation of fluid flow and transport processes in rock masses by using visualization technique and acoustic tomography

在模拟实际岩体应力环境的边界条件下，对单个岩体裂隙进行了剪切流动耦合和可视化试验，以估计岩体裂隙的水力学特性。在岩石裂隙渗流数值模拟的基础上，建立了考虑表面粗糙度和雷诺数影响的机械孔径与水力孔径关系预测方程。采用玻璃板制作的包含多个相交裂缝的模型进行了流动和示踪试验，以评估裂缝几何分布特征对裂缝网络水力行为的影响。通过对实际岩体裂隙分布模型的数值模拟，评价了裂隙网络的流动和质量输运特性。

Coupled shear-flow and visualization tests were conducted on single rock fractures under boundary conditions reproduced from stress environment of actual rock masses, in order to estimate the hydro-mechanical characteristics of rock fractures. Prediction equations of the relation between mechanical aperture and hydraulic aperture taking into account the influences of surface roughness and Reynolds number were proposed based on numerical simulations on the fluid flow through rock fractures. Flow and tracer tests were conducted on models containing several intersecting fractures manufactured by glass plates to estimate the influence of geometrical distribution characteristics of fractures on the hydraulic behavior of fracture networks. Flow and mass transport properties of fracture networks were evaluated through numerical simulations on models with fracture distributions measured from real rock masses.