Identification of regulatory molecules related to the differentiation of glioma stem-like cells by an integrated protoemics.

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In this study, to clarify the molecular mechanism of GSC differentiation, we established GSC clones having the potential to differentiate into glioblastoma, and subjected to DNA microarray and iTRAQ based integrated proteomics. We combined all of the data obtained from the integrated proteomics by utilizing sequential data mining software. GO analysis revealed that the expression of cell adhesion molecules, including integrin aV, and extracellular matrices (ECMs), such as fibronectin 1, was significantly upregulated during serum-induced GSC differentiation. Combinational treatments with integrin inhibitors and anti-cancer drug temozolomide (TMZ) significantly suppressed early events in GSC differentiation, glioma progression and lead the longer survival of mouse GSC xenograft models. These results indicate that GSCs induce/secrete ECMs to develop microenvironments with serum factors, namely differentiation niches that further stimulate GSC differentiation and proliferation.