Light energy conversion system using Bi-based perovskite hybrid compounds

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Low stability of organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite and toxicity of lead (Pb) still remains a concern. On the other hand, the performance of non-toxic, high stable bismuth based lower dimensional perovskite and bismuth iodide (BiI3) semiconducting material has been limited due to high intrinsic carrier concentration, high exciton binding energy and poor morphology. To address this, we modulated a solvent-mediated adduct for one-step crystallization of lead-free AgBi2I7 at a lower temperature (90 °C) and to obtain remnant BiI3 by controlling the nature of the substrate and precursor concentration. This eventually resulted in remarkable enhancement in the power conversion efficiency, reaching 2.12%, and the long-term stability of AgBi2I7 solar cells towards light, heat and humidity.