SPP 1019: bberkritische Fluide als Lösungs- und Reaktionsmittel

SPP 1019：超临界流体作为溶剂和反应物

• 批准号: 5467483
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Thermische Verfahrenstechnik V-8
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 1995-12-31 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5467483?language=en
• 关键词: SPP; 1019; bberkritische; Fluide; als

Supercritical fluids are substances with properties between that of a gas and a liquid. By varying pressure, these properties can be continuously changed. The substance then behaves more like a gas (low pressure and density) or as a liquid (high pressure and density). Supercritical fluids are of commercial importance for separation (examples are: decaffeination of green coffee beans or black tea-leaves, production of hop extracts, enrichment of vitamins) or for production and formulation of materials (examples are: production of fine particles and thin layers), and for chemical reactions (examples are: production of methyl-ethyl-ketone or the oxidation of waste compounds). Supercritical fluids make possible environmental friendly processes. In addition to the known applications others will be introduced in the near future. In the research program, engineering methods for design and construction are investigated and developed. For that, fundamental knowledge on physical-chemical behaviour of supercritical fluids, heat and mass transfer, and chemical reaction kinetics are intra-disciplinary investigated for the design of equipment, plants, and processes.

超临界流体是性质介于气体和液体之间的物质。通过改变压力，这些性质可以连续改变。然后，物质的行为更像气体（低压和密度）或液体（高压和密度）。超临界流体对于分离（例如：绿色咖啡豆或红茶叶的脱咖啡因、啤酒花提取物的生产、维生素的富集）或对于材料的生产和配制（例如：细颗粒和薄层的生产）以及对于化学反应（例如：甲基乙基酮的生产或废弃化合物的氧化）具有商业重要性。超临界流体使环境友好的过程成为可能。除了已知的应用之外，其他应用也将在不久的将来推出。在研究计划中，设计和施工的工程方法进行了研究和开发。为此，超临界流体的物理化学行为，传热和传质以及化学反应动力学的基础知识在设备，工厂和工艺的设计中进行了学科内研究。