SPP 1019: bberkritische Fluide als Lösungs- und Reaktionsmittel

超临界流体是一种性质介于气体和液体之间的物质。通过改变压力，这些性质可以不断改变。然后这种物质表现得更像气体（低压和密度低）或液体（高压和密度高）。超临界流体在分离（例如：绿咖啡豆或红茶的脱咖啡因、啤酒花提取物的生产、维生素的浓缩）或材料的生产和配方（例如：细颗粒和薄层的生产）以及化学反应（例如：甲基乙基酮的生产或废化合物的氧化）方面具有重要的商业意义。超临界流体使环保工艺成为可能。除了已知的应用程序之外，在不久的将来还将引入其他应用程序。在研究计划中，对设计和施工的工程方法进行了研究和开发。为此，对超临界流体的物理化学行为、传热传质和化学反应动力学的基本知识进行了跨学科的研究，用于设备、工厂和工艺的设计。

Supercritical fluids are substances with properties between that of a gas and a liquid. By varying pressure, these properties can be continuously changed. The substance then behaves more like a gas (low pressure and density) or as a liquid (high pressure and density). Supercritical fluids are of commercial importance for separation (examples are: decaffeination of green coffee beans or black tea-leaves, production of hop extracts, enrichment of vitamins) or for production and formulation of materials (examples are: production of fine particles and thin layers), and for chemical reactions (examples are: production of methyl-ethyl-ketone or the oxidation of waste compounds). Supercritical fluids make possible environmental friendly processes. In addition to the known applications others will be introduced in the near future. In the research program, engineering methods for design and construction are investigated and developed. For that, fundamental knowledge on physical-chemical behaviour of supercritical fluids, heat and mass transfer, and chemical reaction kinetics are intra-disciplinary investigated for the design of equipment, plants, and processes.