SFB 282: Theory of the Lexicon

协作研究中心282偏离了这样的假设，即语言的词汇不仅仅是分类单元的库存，而是一个非常复杂和分层结构的网络，它决定了语言形式的创造潜力。该合作研究中心利用现代语音学、形态学、句法学、语义学、语言类型学以及心理和神经语言学的方法，研究词汇单位的典型结构及其相互关系。词汇成分（词根、词干、词缀和短语单位）连接了几种类型的语音、语法和语义概念信息。- 词汇成分中必然编码了哪些信息，根据一般原则又隐含了哪些信息？我们调查的各种类型的结构，在其中的信息是最经济的存储方式，以及在其中的复杂的单词和短语的形成是词汇驱动的方式，仅受非常普遍的原则。与词典的结构特别相关的是派生和补充的可能性。该合作研究中心正在开发基于词汇的语法的几个领域的理论，如动态事件语义学，多维配价，词汇分解，基于约束的最低限度形态学和词汇音系学。本论文的主要内容包括：多合成语言的词汇范畴（A），动词和名物化动词的论元结构（B），屈折形态和派生形态的语音、聚合和心理/神经语言学方面（C），词汇的语义结构（D）。

The collaborative research centre 282 departs from the assumption that the lexicon of a language is not merely an inventory of classified units but rather a very complex and hierarchically structured network that determines the potential for the creation of linguistic forms. The collaborative research centre investigates the typical structures of lexical units and their interrelations, using modern methods of phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, linguistic typology and psycho- and neurolinguistics. The lexical elements (roots, stems, affixes, as well as phrasal units) connect several types of phonological, grammatical, and semantic-conceptual information. - What information is necessarily encoded in the lexical elements, and what information is implied on the basis of general principles? We investigate the various types of structures, the way in which the information is most economically stored, and the ways in which the formation of complex words and phrases is lexically driven, constrained only by very general principles. Particularly relevant for the architecture of the lexicon are the possibilities of derivation and inflexion. The collaborative research centre is developing theories in several areas of lexicon-based grammar, such as dynamic event semantics, multidimensional valency, lexical decomposition, constraint-based minimalist morphology, and lexical phonology. The present topics include the lexical categories of polysynthetic languages (A), the argument structure of verbs and nominalized verbs in both typological and diachronic perspective (B), inflectional and derivational morphology in their phonological, paradigmatic and psycho-/neurolinguistic aspects (C), and the semantic structuring of the lexicon (D).