SFB 805: Control of Uncertainties in Load Carrying Systems in Mechanical Engineering

不确定性发生在产品和过程的开发过程中，以及产品生命周期的所有阶段。2014年，每有一辆新车进入美国市场，制造商就必须召回大约四辆已经注册的汽车。在德国，300万辆新汽车注册，150万辆汽车不得不在同一年进行整改。根据协作研究中心（CRC）805的科学家的观点，如果不能确定产品生命周期的三个阶段（产品开发、生产和使用）中的相应过程链的充分延伸，则会产生产品中的不确定性和潜在的产品缺陷。因此，CRC 805以分阶段的方式处理描述、评估和控制不确定性传播的方法和技术。CRC 805制定的方法基于三个支柱。第一个支柱由CRC 805开发和测试的术语组成。这些方法构成第二个支柱。重点是不确定性的非参数化连接，鲁棒优化，鲁棒设计和不确定性的缩放。第三个支柱包括描述和控制生产和使用中的不确定性的技术。在这里，研究的重点是一个过程和使用集成识别的不确定性与感官组件。CRC 805的第三个供资期侧重于控制无知，这是一种常见和重要的不确定性类别。工程，数学和法律相互合作，分析数据引起的冲突作为模型不确定性的指示，模型不确定性作为无知的原因和弹性作为控制不确定性的原则。因此，系统和过程链的弹性评估系统和过程链特性的偏差，这超出了计划的公差范围。由于弹性需要监控、反应、学习和预测等功能，因此出现了流程链和系统的适应以及模型的适应及其在产品生命周期不同阶段的重复使用的问题。

Uncertainty occurs during the development of products and processes, as well as in all phases of the product life cycle. In 2014, for each new car, which was brought to the US market, approximately four already registered cars had to be recalled by the manufacturer. In Germany, three million new cars were registered and 1.5 million cars had to be rectified in the same year. Following the scientists of the Collaborative Research Centre (CRC) 805, uncertainty in the product and potential product defect arises if the corresponding process chains in the three product life cycle phases product development, production and usage cannot be determined to full extend.Thus, the CRC 805 deals with methods and technologies to describe, evaluate and control the propagation of uncertainty in a phased approach. The approach developed by the CRC 805 is based on three pillars. The first pillar consists of the terms, which have been developed and tested by the CRC 805. The methods form the second pillar. The focus is on non-parameterized linkage of uncertainty, robust optimization, robust design and scaling of uncertainty. The third pillar includes the technologies to describe and control uncertainty in production and usage. Here, the research focuses on a process- and usage-integrated identification of uncertainty with sensory components. The third funding period of the CRC 805 focuses on the control of ignorance as a common and important category of uncertainty. Engineering, mathematics and law cooperate interactively to analyze data-induced conflicts as an indication for model uncertainty, model uncertainty as cause of ignorance and resilience as a principle to control uncertainty. Thereby, resilience of systems and process chains is evaluated for deviations of system and process chain characteristics, which exceed the planned tolerance ranges. Since resilience requires the functions monitoring, reacting, learning and anticipating, the question on adaption of process chains and systems as well as the adaption of models and their re-use in the different phases of the product life cycle arises.