The legacy of Southern Ocean past: evolutionary history and genetic diversity of benthic Crustacea on the Antarctic shelf

正在进行的项目正在研究南极底栖生物和上层底栖生物的演变历史，以确定历史上形成它的过程。作为模型系统，我们使用的海洋甲壳类动物从南极大陆架（东，西南极洲）不同的生活史，从育雏到holoacetonic形式。该项目包括系统发育、地理学和种群遗传学方法，以研究属和物种的辐射，重建它们在南极大陆架上的定居路径，确定大陆架的地理边界，并评估种群扩张和瓶颈等历史事件的特征。在该项目的最后三分之一，我们将专门测试遗传变异的分布是否与基于主要洋流的预期一致，以及是否可以在物种之间识别出同时发生的遗传不连续性，然后将其解释为共同环境历史（例如冰川）中事件的结果。在我们的分析中所包括的类群进行了最广泛的意义上的研究，补充他们尽可能与来自南极洲以外的代表，以了解系统发育关系和模式和南极大陆架殖民时代。该项目还通过提供大量南极甲壳纲动物的线粒体序列，为正在进行的南极海洋动物条形码工作作出积极贡献。通过对南极甲壳动物种内和种间遗传多样性的评估，我们的研究项目为监测物种组成和研究对南极快速气候变化的反应提供了重要的基线信息。

The ongoing project is studying the evolutionary history of the Antarctic benthos and suprabenthos to determine the processes that shaped it historically. As model systems we use marine crustaceans from the Antarctic Shelf (East and West Antarctica) with different life histories ranging from brooding to holoplanktonic forms. The project comprises phylogenetic, phylogeographic and population genetic methods to study radiations of genera and species, reconstruct their colonization pathways on the Antarctic Shelf, determine biogeographic boundaries on the shelf, and assess signatures of historic events such as population expansions and bottlenecks. In the last third of the project we will specifically test whether distribution of genetic variation is congruent with expectations based on major oceanographic currents and whether concurrent genetic discontinuities can be identified among species, which can then be interpreted as the result of events in their common environmental history (e.g. glaciations). The taxa included in our analyses are studied in the broadest sense, complementing them as much as possible with representatives from outside Antarctica to understand phylogenetic relationships and mode and age of colonization(s) of the Antarctic Shelf. The project also makes an active contribution to ongoing barcoding efforts of Antarctic marine fauna by providing mitochondrial sequences of a large number of Antarctic Crustacea. With the assessment of both, today s intra- and interspecific genetic diversity of Antarctic crustaceans, our research project provides important baseline information for monitoring species composition and studying response to rapid Antarctic climate change.