Atomic Physical aspect of the research on highly ionized high atomic nember eleme using a population inversiorl in a plasma

对光谱中明确的孤立和主要激光谱线的波长的测量有助于提高高度电离的高原子序数元素原子结构的计算精度，其中相对论原子物理计算是至关重要的。因为x射线激光谱线来自一个定义明确的电离阶段的原子组态。与自发辐射线相比，产生布居反转的等离子体参数空间要窄得多，自发辐射线与来自不同电离阶段的多条谱线以及较宽的密度和温度范围内的许多谱线重叠。因此，很难区分高原子序数等离子体中的单条自发辐射线。激光线宽与中心波长之比小于10^~(-4)。我们对高Z离子中类镍软X射线激光波长进行了精密测量，这些离子包括：Nd(Z=60)、Sm(Z=62)、Gd(Z=)、Dy(Z=66)、Ho(Z=67)、Yb(Z=70)、Hf(Z=72)和Ta(Z=73)，其中Z是原子序数。在定义良好的等离子体中，由于布居反转，只有一到两条谱线被放大，这可以用于高电离高原子序数STOM的波长标准。我们建立了这一结果的数据库。这一结果可以用电子关联等来验证相对论原子物理计算的结果。

The measurement of wavelengths for well defined isolated and dominant lasing lines in the spectra contributes to the improvement of the precision calculation of atomic structures for highly ionized high atomic number elements where the relativistic atomic physics calculation is essentially important. Because x-ray laser line comes from the well defined atomic configuration from a well defined ionization stage. The plasma parameter space for creating the population inversion is much narrower compared with that of spontaneous emission lines which overlap significantly with many lines from various ionization stages and from the wide range of the density and the temperature regions. Therefore it is very difficult to distinguish single spontaneous emission lines in the high atomic number plasmas. The ratio of the lasing line width versus central wavelength is less than 10^<-4>. We have made precision measurement of the Ni-like soft x-ray laser wavelengths in high-Z ions, which include Nd (Z=60), Sm (Z=62), Gd (Z=64), Dy (Z=66), Ho (Z=67), Yb (Z=70), Hf (Z=72) and Ta (Z=73), where Z is the atomic number. Only one or two lines are amplified due to the population inversions in the well defined plasma, which can be utilized for the wavelength standard for the highly ionized high atomic number stoms. We made the data base of this results. The result can justify the result of the relativistic atomic physics calculation with the electron correlation and so on.