Atmospheric Dispersion of Volcanic Gas and Clouds

火山气体和云的大气扩散

• 批准号: 08680555
• 负责人: KINOSHITA Kisei
• 金额: $ 0.58万
• 依托单位: Kagoshima University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08680555/
• 关键词: volcanic clooud; atmospheric dispersion; satellite imagery; remote sensing; video observation; sulfur dioxide; lee wave; volcanic eruption; 煙流拡散

Ejection and dispersion of volcanic clouds and accompanied gas from Mt.Sakurajima were studied based on remote sensing data from satellites, ground observation by video cameras, meteorological data, and sulfur dioxide concentration data in the air.Following points are clarified :(1)Properties of rise and drift of eruption clods up to the height 1000-4500 m above the crater, and their observation by satellite data.(2)Difference of the vertical shapes of continuously emitted plumes according to the velocity of upper winds at the altitudes 1-2 km above the sea level.(3)Various patterns of horizontal dispersions essentially determined by the wind shear within the vertical thickness of the ash cloud as observed from satellites and the ground, and simulated successfully by a vertical shear model.(4)Flow of plumes along the mountain lee waves under winds stronger than 10 m/s, resulting high concentration events of sulfur dioxide at the foot of the volcano with the level of ppm in the air.(5)Long range transport of volcanic gas detected at highlands 130-150 km downstream together with ash clouds as observed by NOAA satellites.The research of satellite detection of volcanic clouds was extended to other volcanoes in Kyushu and the surrondings in Japan, i.e., Aso, Unzen and others in Ryukyu Islands.Parts of the results may be seen in the following home pages :http : //www-rk.edu.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/sci/volc/index_e.htmlhttp : //www-rk.edu.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/sing/index_e.htm

根据卫星遥感资料、地面摄像观测资料、气象资料和空气中二氧化硫浓度资料，对樱岛火山喷发云和伴生气体的喷出和扩散进行了研究，阐明了以下几点：（1）火山口上空1000-4500 m范围内的喷发土块的上升和漂移特性及其卫星观测。（2）在海拔1- 2km高度上，随高空风速的不同，连续发射的羽流垂直形状的差异。（3）从卫星和地面观测到的灰云垂直厚度范围内的风切变基本上决定了水平扩散的各种模式，并成功地用垂直切变模式模拟。（4）在风速大于10 m/s的情况下，烟羽沿着山背浪流动，导致火山脚下二氧化硫浓度高，空气中的浓度为ppm。（5）NOAA卫星观测到的火山气体在下游130-150公里高地与火山灰云一起的远距离输送。阿索，Unzen and others in the Ryukyu Islands.部分结果可以在以下主页上看到：http：//www-rk.edu.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/sci/volc/index_e.htmlhttp：//www-rk.edu.kagoshima-u.ac.jp/sing/index_e.htm

项目成果

N,Tomioka et al.: "A Processing of LANDSAT TM data for Education" Bull.Educational Res.and Practice, Fac.Edu., Kagoshima Univ., Natural Sci.No.48. 37-63 (1997)

N,Tomioka 等人：“用于教育的 LANDSAT TM 数据处理”Bull.Educational Res.and Practice，Fac.Edu.，鹿儿岛大学，Natural Sci.No.48。

K.Kinoshita: "Day and Night Detection of Volcanic Clouds and Aerosol by NOAA/AVHRR Data" Proc.CEReS Int.Symp.on Atmospheric Correction of Satellite Data. (in press). 8 (1998)

K.Kinoshita：“NOAA/AVHRR 数据对火山云和气溶胶的日夜检测”Proc.CEReS Int.Symp.on 卫星数据大气校正。

木下 紀正: "火山噴煙の上昇と移流・拡散" 可視化情報. 16. 230-235 (1996)

Norimasa Kinoshita：“火山羽流的上升、平流和扩散”可视化信息。16. 230-235 (1996)

E.Fujino et al.: "Development of Software for Imege Analysis and Processing on Earth Observation Satellite Data" Mem.Fac.Fishery, Kagoshima Univ.No.46. 1-9 (1997)

E.Fujino 等人：“地球观测卫星数据图像分析和处理软件的开发”Mem.Fac.Fishery，鹿儿岛大学第 46 号。

木下紀正: "桜島爆発噴煙の衛星画像解析" 日本リモートセンシング学会学術講演会論文集. 22. 15-18 (1997)

Norimasa Kinoshita：“樱岛爆炸羽流的卫星图像分析”日本遥感学会学术会议记录 22. 15-18 (1997)。