KINESIOLOGICAL STUDY OF BALANCE DISORDER IN THE ELDERLY AND THE DISABLED.

l)与年轻人相比，老年男性和女性在静态站立平衡时身体摆动增加。70年代至80年代，随着年龄的增长，老年人的身体摇摆明显增加，尤其是老年男性。(2)老年男性在安静站位时对视觉的依赖指数Romberg ratio显著高于年轻男性。然而，老年妇女的Romberg比率并不比年轻妇女大。在对老年人站立平衡的进一步研究中，Romberg比率应该被重新审视。3)在本研究中采用的动平衡测试的步进任务中，老年男性和女性的压力中心轨迹较年轻人显著降低。结果表明，老年人的侧身运动效率较低。4)从小脑性共济失调和脊髓病患者的横向移重运动测试结果来看，脊髓病患者移重速度较慢，共济失调患者移重准确性较低，移重速度较慢。5)在跌倒者与非跌倒者站立平衡的比较中，除了进行静态平衡测试外，还应进行动态平衡测试，如倾斜任务，以预防跌倒和老年人或残疾人的康复。

l) The elderly men and women showed increased body sway in static standing balance compared with the young. Body sway of the elderly with aging increased prominently from decade 70's to 80's, especially in the eLderly men.2) Romberg ratio, an index of dependency on vision in postural control during quiet stance, was significantly larger in the elderly men compared with the young. The elderly women, however, did not show larger Romberg ratio compared with the young. Romberg ratio should be re-examined in further research on standing balance of the elderly.3) The locus of the center of pressure of the elderly men and women decreased significantly compared with the young in stepping task used as dynamic balance test used in this research. It was indicated that the elderly performed weight-shifting motion to the lateral direction less efficiently.4) From the findings of the test of lateral weight-shifting motion for the patients with cerebellar ataxia and myelopathy, it was considered that the myelopathy patients showed slower speed, and that the ataxic patients demonstrated less accuracy as well as slower speed in weight-shifting.5) In comparison of standing balance between faller and non-faller, not only static balance test but dynamic balance test such as steeping task should be performed for prevention of fall and rehabilitation of the elderly or the disabled persons.