Histochemical study on the relation of memory formation and protein synthesis in insect

这项计划是为了阐明昆虫大脑中记忆形成和蛋白质合成之间的关系。我们用三种方法研究了这一问题，并获得了一些基本数据，为阐明这一问题提供了依据。然而，我们无法阐明问题本身。研究结果如下：1)研制了一套计算机辅助的昆虫行为分析系统，用于估计昆虫的行为。利用该系统和一种新的现成的行为分析系统，我们对美洲大蠊的湿位行为进行了研究，以获得估计湿度差学习的控制数据。已禁水数日的昆虫处于较高湿度环境，在环境中停留时间较长，其行为特征主要由两个因素引起：行走速度减慢和弯曲度增加(每步行距离的角度变化)…。湿度较大的环境。顺便说一句，即使湿度环境改变，每次角度的变化也不会改变。2)为了了解蟑螂的学习能力，我们考察了蟑螂是否能够建立食物和气味之间的联系学习。结果，我们再次确认，昆虫可以做到，记忆被保存了很长时间。3)由于昆虫前脑中的蘑菇体可能与学习记忆有关，我们对其输出和输入神经元的结构和形态特征进行了研究。结果发现，蘑菇体可能在功能上是区划的。例如，将嗅觉信息传递到前脑的中脑的输出神经元终止于蘑菇体花萼的边缘和中间区域。此外，我们还发现在花序梗、α叶和β叶中形成了十几条规则的条带。这一事实表明，蘑菇体存在功能分化。较少

This project has been planned to elucidate the relationship between memory formation and protein synthesis in the insect brain. We investigated this problem with three methods and obtained some basic data for elucidation of the problem. However we could not elucidate the problem itself. The results obtained are as follows.1) We made a computer-assisted behavior analyzing system for estimation of the insect behavior. Using this system and a new ready-made behavior analyzing system, we investigated the hygro-location behavior of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana in order to obtain the control data for estimation of learning of humidity difference. The insect that had prohibited from drinking water for several days located in higher humidity environment and stayed for longer time in the environment, It was suggested that the behavioral characteristics were originated from two factors : decreasing walking velocity and increasing meander (angular change per walking distance) in the highe … More r humidity environment. By the way angular change per time did not change even if the humidity environment changed. 2) In order to know the ability of learning of the cockroach, we examined whether the cockroach could establish the associated learning between food and odor. In result we conformed again that the insect could do and the memory was held for long time. 3) As the mushroom body in the protocerebrum of insect was suggested to be involved in the learning and memory, we investigated its structure and morphological profiles of its output and input neurons. In result we found that the mushroom body might be functionally compartmentalized. For example, the output neurons of the deutocerebrum that conveyed olfactory information to the protocerebrum terminated in the marginal and intermediate areas of the calyx of the mushroom body. Furthermore we found that a dozen of regular bands were formed in the peduncle, alpha-lobe and beta-lobe. This fact suggested that there were functional differentiation in the mushroom body. Less