Research on defect centers and luminescence in shocked materials

不同材料(石英、玻璃、斜长石等)的冲击实验利用等离子体轨道枪、粉枪和激光(1-30J，脉冲宽度500ps)研究了冲击波对缺陷中心和发光特性的影响。本研究采用了X波段CW-ESR、脉冲ESR和正电子湮没技术。(1)证实了石英中ESR中心的冲击波诱导退火。伽马射线辐照产生缺陷的速率在冲击事件后也发生了变化。正电子寿命显示了受冲击和未受冲击的石英以及自然受冲击的砂岩之间的明显区别。当激光诱导冲击波引入样品时，在辐照后的石英中观察到了冲击诱导发光。观察到的线谱与热释光的线谱基本一致。对陨石坑中回收的石英进行了ESR研究。E‘心密度的退火增强曲线显示出比正常…更高的峰值温度更多的石英，这可能是由于晶格的扭曲。对受冲击的富钠斜长石(钠长石)样品进行的EPMA分析表明，受冲击后钠的浓度有所降低。电子自旋共振波谱也显示了电击样品的伽马辐照后的钠胶体信号。所得结果有力地支持了激波法分离钠。冲击后热释光峰向高温方向移动(16 0℃~2 6 0℃)。30-50OGPa.具体工艺对冲击钠长石发光中心的影响有待进一步研究。(3)对野岛断裂岩心样品进行了ESR成像研究。断层面上的E‘和Al中心的二维图像显示，断层面上的中心有一定程度的热退火。估算了断层面上的温度，讨论了摩擦加热的条件。对花岗岩的应力电性进行了室内实验研究。较少

Shock experiments on various materials (Quartz, Glass, plagioclase, etc.) by means of a plasma rail-gun, a powder -gun, and a laser (1-30J, 500ps pulse width) were performed to investigate the shock-induced effects on defect centers and luminescence properties. X-band cw-ESR, Pulse ESR and positron annihilation techniques were applied in this research.(1) Shock-induced annealing of ESR centers in quartz was confirmed. A production rate of defects by gamma-ray irradiation was also changed after the shock event. Positron lifetimes showed a clear difference between shocked and unshocked quartz and also for naturally shocked sandstone. Shock -induced luminescence was observed in radiation-irradiated quartz when laser -induced shockwave was introduced to the sample. Observed line spectra almost corresponded to those of TL. Quartz recovered from a meteorite crater was studied by ESR. The annealing enhancement profile of density of E' center showed higher peak temperature than that of normal … More quartz, which probably due to the distortion of the lattice. Energy calculation of a distorted quartz lattice will be followed in this research.(2) EPMA analyses for shocked Na-rich plagioclase (Albite) samples showed a decrease in the concentration of sodium after shock experiments. ESR spectra also showed a sodium-colloidal signal after the gamma-irradiation of shocked samples. Obtained results strongly supported the separation of sodium by shock. It was also found that the peak of thermoluminescence shifted to higher temperature (160℃ to 260℃) after the shock event. Of 30-5OGPa. Detailed process affects on the luminescence center in shocked albite should be studied furthermore.(3) A core sample from Nojima Fault was studied by ESR-imaging. The 2-D Images of E' and Aluminum centers across the fault plane showed a certain degree of thermal annealing of centers at the fault plane. The temperature on the fault plane was estimated and the condition of frictional heating was discussed. Laboratory experiments on stress-induced electric behavior of granite was performed. Less