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Studies on the Vertical Structure of Cloud Clusters over the Equatorial West Pacific Ocean

赤道西太平洋云团垂直结构研究

基本信息

批准号：
09640514
负责人：
UYEDA Hiroshi
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Characteristics of cloud clusters in the tropical west Pacific Ocean were analyzed with dual-Doppler radar data obtained during TOGA-COARE IOP. In this analysis convective and stratiform regions of cloud system were distinguished objectively. An estimation method of precipitation intensity from satellite data was examined in comparison with radar data and satellite data. This revealed that Geostationary Meteorological Satellite's IR data is useful for the analysis of averaged structure of tropical cloud clusters. In addition to analyses of TGA-COARE data, characteristics of continental and maritime precipitation systems of Darwin, Australia by calculating the non-adiabatic heating with updrafts derived from dual Doppler radar data for convective and stratiform portions of observed systems. We showed estimation of non-adiabatic heating is possible by using updrafts derived from dual Doppler radar data analyses, though comparison with sounding data was not available because of limited number of sounding stations. Characteristics of non-adiabatic heating in maritime and continental precipitation systems were revealed by analyzing updrafts that were calculated with dual-Doppler radar data in Darwin, Australia. Furthermore, 2-dimensional numerical simulation including ice phase was performed to analyze the vertical structure of precipitating convective clouds over tropical ocean. Realistic cloud cluster was reproduced with large scale random heating in the lowest layer instead of initial bubble. In case of initial bubble, thunderclouds with graupel formation and resulting downdrafts were simulated over tropical ocean. A report on the results of this study was published.

利用TOGA-COARE IOP期间的双多普勒雷达资料，分析了热带西太平洋云团的特征。在该分析中，客观地区分了云系的对流区和层状区。研究了利用卫星资料估算降水强度的方法，并与雷达资料和卫星资料进行了比较。这说明静止气象卫星的红外资料对分析热带云团的平均结构是有用的。除了分析TGA-COARE数据外，还通过计算观测系统对流和层状部分的有上升气流的非绝热加热，分析了澳大利亚达尔文大陆和海洋降水系统的特征。我们证明了利用来自双多普勒雷达资料分析的上升气流来估计非绝热加热是可能的，尽管由于探空站的数量有限，无法与探空数据进行比较。通过对澳大利亚达尔文双多普勒雷达资料计算的上升气流的分析，揭示了海洋和大陆降水系统中非绝热加热的特征。在此基础上，进行了包含冰相的二维数值模拟，分析了热带海洋上空降水对流云的垂直结构。用大尺度随机加热代替初始气泡在最低层再现真实云团。在有初始气泡的情况下，模拟了热带海洋上形成了冲积物的雷雨云和由此产生的下沉气流。发表了一份关于这项研究结果的报告。