Development of New Optical Properties in Bismuthate Glasses

铋酸盐玻璃显示出新的光学特性。发现了Bi2O3基重金属氧化物体系的玻璃和玻璃陶瓷具有显著的热致变色、光导、光致变色性能和颜色变化。含CdO的铋酸盐玻璃具有热致变色和光致变色的双重特性。经热处理，铋酸盐玻璃结晶成各种亚稳态，具有各种颜色。x射线光电子能谱测量表明，Bi_2O_3基玻璃的O1s结合能明显低于硅酸盐和硼酸盐基玻璃，且其半最大值全宽很窄，无法区分桥氧和非桥氧。重金属氧化玻璃的这些特征主要来自于Bi^<3+>和氧离子最外层的非成键电子和电子的离域。

Bismuthate glasses showed novel optical properties. Remarkable thermochromic, photo- conductive, photochromic properties and changes in color for the glasses and glass-ceramics of Bi2O3 based heavy-metal oxide system were found. The bismuthate glasses containing CdO showed both thermochromism and photochromism. The bismuthate glasses crystallized to various metastable states with various colors by heat-treatments. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement indicated that the O1s binding energies of Bi_2O_3 based glasses were considerably lower than the values of the silicate and borate glasses, and their full widths at half maximum are very narrow and it was impossible to distinguish between bridging and non- bridging oxygens. These features of the heavy-metal oxide glasses mainly arise from both the nonbonding pair electrons It and delocalization of electrons in the outermost shell of Bi^<3+> and oxygen ions.