A Psychosomatic Study of School Health on the Great Hanshin Earthquake

对神户大地震灾区的1427名大学生进行了灾后1个月、5个月、2年3个月、3年5个月4次的心身症状问卷调查，共64项。结果在震后一个月进行检查时，许多心身症状表现为肩关节僵硬、站立时眩晕、咳嗽、易疲劳、紧张、睡眠障碍、冷漠、嗜睡、士气低落、对未来感到焦虑、缺乏自信等。然而，在三次和四次试验中，这些症状的发生率在一定程度上再次观察到，而在五个月时症状明显减轻。创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）等心身症状可能会持续相当长的时间，尤其是女性比男性更明显。除本研究抽取的样本外， ...更多信息 每年举行的地震分析了大约五年左右的地震。与往年相比，1995年出现了许多心身症状。从统计学的角度看，大学生的视力在这一年中有所下降。2、对35名（16名女性）地震灾区学生进行了多导生理检查，包括EEG、EMG、眨眼、心率、体积描记图、GSR、呼吸描记图和热像图。这些指标的反应情绪和自然的听觉刺激进行了精确的比较。结果，在情绪刺激期间，EEG的β频带显著增加，而在自然声音刺激期间，EEG中的α频带占主导地位。皮肤温度在情绪刺激过程中也有升高的趋势。这些反应结果表明，灾难后的学生对情绪刺激有生理过敏的倾向。少

1, 1427 university students living in the district where struck by the Great Hanshin Earthquake were investigated by the questionnaire including 64 items of psychosomatic symptoms four times, a month, five months, two years and three months, three years and five months after the disaster respectively. As a result when examined at a month after the earthquake, anumber of psychosomatic symptoms were marked like as stiff shoulder , vertigo at standing, cough, fatigability, nervousness, sleep disorder, apathy, lethargy, loss of morale, anxiety toward future, lack of self confidence, etc.. However at three and four times trials the incidence of these symptoms were observed again to some extent while the symptoms markedly decreased at five months. Then the psychosomatic symptoms like PTSD(posttraumatic stress disorder) may be tracted for fairly long period, especially this tendency was more conspicuous in female than in male. Other than this extracted sample study, the data of school examina … More tions held annually were analyzed about five years around the earthquake. Like the results above shown many psychosomatic symptoms were pointed in 1995 , compa red with other years. Eurthermore visual acuity of the univer sity students decreased in the year from statistical point of view. This results may suggest the existance of latent mental fatigue in the students lived in the district struck by the earthquake.2, Thirty five students (16 female) lived in the district struck by the earthquake were examined polygraphically including EEG , EMG , blinking, heart rate, plethysmography, GSR, pneumograph and thermography. The responses of these indices to emotional and natural auditory stimulation were compared precisely. As a result during the emotional stimulation a beta band of EEG was markedly increased while an alpha band was dominant in the EEC during natural sound stimulation. The skin temperature showed increment during the emotional stimulation also. These results of responses suggested the students suffered from the disaster had an tendency of physiologically hypersensitive for the emotional stimulus. Less