SFB 854: Molecular Organisation of Cellular Communications within the Immune System

该项目旨在阐明调节健康和疾病免疫反应的通讯过程和网络的分子基础。为此，各个CRC854项目在细胞间和细胞内水平以及特定器官方面评估免疫细胞通讯的分子机制。最先进的生物化学、遗传和成像技术在项目中得到实施和发展，以实现科学目标。在第二期资助期内产生的知识和分子/遗传学工具箱将为第三期资助计划的研究提供基础。和以前一样，研究计划分为两个研究领域：研究领域A的项目：“炎症和感染中的分子和细胞通讯”，研究细胞内和细胞间通讯过程的分子机制，重点关注器官特异性（脑、肝、肾、造血系统、皮肤），以及病原体或恶性肿瘤特异性背景。研究方向B：“T淋巴细胞的分子和细胞调控”，重点研究不同的信号通路及其对T细胞发育、活化和效应功能的影响。深厚的生物化学专业知识将与新的体内信号报告系统（生物传感器）相结合，研究调节T细胞分化动力学的信号过程或它们与其他细胞的局部和系统相互作用。TWIN项目——嵌入A区和B区并将它们连接起来——源于范式转变，即大脑不再被视为一个免疫特权器官，被血脑屏障与免疫系统隔开。相反，现在已经确定的是，中枢神经系统和免疫系统不断地相互作用，并影响彼此的功能。因此，TWIN项目解决了免疫系统和中枢神经系统之间的交流是如何受到分子调节的问题。综上所述，CRC854旨在了解生理和病理生理免疫应答过程中信号处理的分子机制，并将细胞内信号传导机制与细胞间相互作用动力学联系起来。为了实现这些目标，CRC854将通过结合免疫学和神经科学领域的本地专业知识创造附加价值。此外，CRC854已经并将进一步为研究决定免疫激活和失调的分子机制建立新的模型系统和方法。

The project aims at elucidating the molecular basis of communication processes and networks that regulate immune responses in health and disease. To this end, the individual CRC854 projects assess the molecular mechanisms of immune cell communication at the intercellular and intracellular level as well as with regard to specific organs. State of the art biochemical, genetic and imaging technologies are implemented and developed within the project to achieve the scientific goals. The knowledge and the molecular/genetic toolboxes generated during the 2nd funding period of the Project will provide the basis for the research that the project plans for the 3rd funding period. As before, the research program is divided into two research areas: Projects in Research Area A: "Molecular and cellular communication in inflammation and infection" study the molecular mechanisms of intra- and intercellular communication processes with a focus on organ-specific (brain, liver, kidney, hematopoietic system, skin), as well as pathogen- or malignancy-specific contexts. The projects of Research Area B: "Molecular and cellular regulation of T lymphocytes" focus on different signaling pathways and their impact on T cell development, activation and effector functions. Profound expertise in biochemistry will be combined with novel in vivo signaling reporter systems (biosensors) to study signaling processes regulating the dynamics of T cell differentiation or their local and systemic interactions with other cells. The TWIN projects - embedded in both Area A and Area B and connecting them - result from the paradigm shift that the brain can no longer be viewed as an immune-privileged organ, separated from the immune system by the blood-brain barrier. Instead it is now well established that the CNS and the immune system constantly interact with each other and influence each other’s functions. Therefore the TWIN projects address the question how communication between the immune system and the CNS is molecularly regulated.Taken together, CRC854 aims to understand the molecular mechanisms of signal processing during physiological and pathophysiological immune responses, and to connect intracellular signaling mechanisms with the dynamics of intercellular interactions. To achieve these goals, CRC854 will create added value by combining the local expertise in the fields of immunology and neuroscience. In addition, CRC854 did and further will establish new model systems and methodologies for the investigation of molecular mechanisms determining immune activation and dysregulation.