Developing the educational program of culturally sensitive disaster public health for small island communities – toward community oriented recovering

为小岛屿社区制定文化敏感的灾害公共卫生教育计划

• 批准号: 22K11224
• 负责人: 丸谷 美紀
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: National Institute of Public Health
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-22K11224/
• 关键词: 災害保健; 文化; 離島; 人材育成

離島を管轄する147自治体保健師へ災害時に考慮する文化と共有方法について郵送調査し、34件の回答（有効回答数28）があった。人口1000人未満の自治体は46.4％、1000人以上は53.6％ であった。保健師経験年数は10年以上が53.6％、1年～5年未満が39.3％であった。災害保健の経験がある者28.6％（ｎ＝8）、災害活動マニュアルがある者は53.6％であった。研修の受講経験がある者は89.3％、研修開催経験ありは7.1％であった。災害時に考慮する文化の項目で「とても必要である」と最も頻回に答えた項目は、平時は「日中の居場所」が39.3％、避難勧告発令時は「近隣の共助」と「日常の備蓄」が50.0％、初動体制の確立~緊急対応期は「移動手段や移動の様式」「情報伝達手段とルート」「人々の集まる場所」が各57.1％、緊急対策は「予想される避難場所」42.9％、応急対策は「関係性と強さ」「地元のルール」21.4％、復旧・復興対策期～復興支援期は「コミュニティーの在り方」35.7％であった。全フェーズを通じて「とても必要である」と最も頻回に答えた項目は、39.3％気質であった。文化の共有方法で最多の回答は、平時は口頭で「日中の居場所」を32.1％、避難勧告等発令時はマニュアルで「日常の備蓄」28.6％、初動体制の確立~緊急対応期はマニュアルで「情報伝達手段」32.1％、緊急対策はマニュアルで「予測される避難場所」17.9％であった。応急対策期は、マニュアルでの共有項目はなく「関係性と強さ」を口頭で共有していることが最多で35.7％、復旧・復興対策期～復興支援期は、マニュアルでの共有項目はなく「コミュニティーの在り方」を口頭で共有していることが最多で25.0％であった。全フェーズを通じて「気質」を口頭で共有していることが最多で39.3％であった。

147 Local health professionals consider the culture of disaster in the mail survey, 34 responses (28 responses) 46.4% of municipalities with a population of 1000 and 53.6% of municipalities with a population of more than 1000. 53.6% of health care professionals have been working for more than 10 years, and 39.3% have been working for 1 - 5 years. 28.6%(n=8) of the cases were in disaster health, 53.6%(n=8) were in disaster activity. 89.3% of the participants received training and 7.1% of the participants received training. In case of disaster, the cultural items considered were "necessary", the most frequent items were "residential places in the daytime"(39.3%), the "neighborhood assistance" and "daily storage"(50.0%) in case of evacuation notification, the establishment of initial action system ~ emergency response period were "mobile means","information means" and "human gathering places"(57.1%), 42.9% of emergency measures were "to be taken as shelter", 21.4% of emergency measures were "relationship and strength", and 35.7% of emergency measures were "to be taken as shelter" during rehabilitation and recovery measures and recovery support periods. All of them are "necessary," and 39.3% of them are "quality." The most frequently answered questions were: "Japanese residence"(32.1%),"Daily storage"(28.6%),"Information transmission means"(32.1%),"Emergency shelter"(17.9%). In the emergency response period, the maximum number of common items is 35.7%, in the recovery response period, the maximum number of common items is 25.0%, in the recovery response period, the maximum number of common items is 25.0%. The highest percentage of the total population is 39.3%.