THE STUDY ON THE NATURAL AND CULTURAL ENVlRONMENTS IN PREHISTORIC JAPAN

1. 来自日本岛屿的地壳物质的增加表明在末次间冰期有1700年的周期。这说明，由于暖期平均化学风化作用的增加，在1700年的周期中，夏季地表温度在22 ~ 25℃之间波动，而冬季地表温度则固定在10℃左右，没有明显的波动。C4植物似乎在绳纹时代已被潜在地利用，但自八代以来已经减少。移民人口似乎有可能没有同时引进栽培水稻和种植水稻的技术。出土的苏氏骨的DNA图谱证明，在绳纹至外绳纹时期，白骨苏氏被从本州带到了北海道，而在鄂霍次克时期，北方的苏氏也被通过萨哈林带到了北海道，即使通过对出土头骨的形态学测量，也没有显示出与其他属于白骨苏氏头骨的测量有任何显著差异。在绳纹时代到弥生时代的末期，日本岛屿上还没有饲养来自大陆的家猪。

1. INCREASES IN CRUSTIC MATERIALS FROM THE JAPANESE ISLANDS SHOW A 1700-YEAR CYCLICITY THROUGH THE LAST INTERGLACIAL PERIOD. THIS PROVES THAT, BECAUSE THE INCREASED MEAN ACCELARATED CHEMICAL WEATHERING DURING WARM PERIODS, SUMMER SURFACE TEMPERATURES FLUCTUATED BETWEEN 22℃ AND 25℃ IN THE 1700-YEAR CYCLE, WHILE WlNTER SURFACE TEMPERATURES WERE FIXED AROUND 10℃ WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT FLUCTUATIONS.2. C4 PLANTS SEEM TO HAVE BEEN POTENTIALLY UTILIZED IN THE JOMON ERA, BUT TO HAVE DECLINED SlNCE THE YAYOI.3. IT SEEMS POSSIBLE THAT IMMIGRANT POPULATIONS DID NOT INTRODUSE CULTIVATED RICE AND THE TECHNOLOGY OF RICE FARMING AT THE SAME TIME.4. DNA PROFILES OF EXCAVATED SUS BONES PROVE THAT SUS SCROFA LEUCOMYSTAX WERE BROUGHT FROM HONSHU INTO HOKKAIDO DURING THE JOMON TO EPI-JOMON PERIODS, AND THAT NORTHERN SUS SCROFA WERE ALSO BROUGHT INTO HOKKAIDO VIA SAKHALlN DURING THE OKHOTSK PERIOD, EVEN THROUGH MORPHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS OF THE EXCAVATED SKULLS DO NOT SHOW ANY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES FROM MEASUREMENTS OF OTHER SKULLS BELONGING TO SUS SCROFA LEUCOMYTAX.5. DURING THE FINAL JOMON TO YAYOI PERIODS, DOMESTICATED PIGS FROM THE CONTINENT WERE NOT YET RAISED IN THE JAPANESE ISLANDS.