FOR 1206: Justitia Amplificata: Amplified Justice - Concrete and Global

该研究股是法兰克福/美因歌德大学为对司法的规范性、应用性和跨学科问题感兴趣的政治理论家和哲学家设立的一个新论坛。该研究股的主要目标是汇集政治理论和哲学中关于正义的规范性辩论的不同方法的理论和方法论观点。其成员将在他们之间以及与来访的高级和初级研究员合作开展研究项目，分享他们在不同专题上的专门知识，并与决策界和实证社会科学中的规范性知情研究建立网络。该研究股的目的是审查超越理想理论的经典框架，为一个自给自足的社会正义的基本问题。因此，研究将侧重于全球，国际和跨国司法问题，以及对司法规范理论（无论是国内还是全球）的经验挑战的影响。当代正义理论面临两个挑战。首先，它们的范围往往仍然过于狭窄，因为它们仍然侧重于国家，将其作为主要的、如果不是唯一的评估单位。当国家被认为是人类互动与合作所引发的大多数道德难题的解决方案时，这似乎是合理的，就像在古典社会契约传统中一样。然而，在一个日益全球化的世界秩序中--权力来源往往是多层次的，而且几乎牢固地植根于国家机构--中央集权的焦点似乎既过于狭隘，也过于不现实。其次，与此相关的是，规范性理论往往是如此笼统和抽象，以至于几乎不可能将它们应用于具体的政治场景。因此，对最佳方式进行方法论反思的必要性要求将正义问题理论化。因此，一个适当的正义理论需要扩大其范围，以便处理全球化世界的情况，并加强其与实际问题的联系。这两个方面将是研究股的中心。为了解决这些问题，研究股的成员将定期举行非正式会议，讨论他们正在进行的研究，并主办国际讲习班和会议，由外部发言人发言。研究股还将努力与决策界（包括智囊团、政治研究基金会和工会）建立强有力的联系。研究股将定期主办研究讲习班和会议，以及两个研究金方案（分别为职业生涯初期的研究人员和已确立地位的研究人员），这些方案将在适当时候公布。

This Research Unit is a new forum for political theorists and philosophers interested in normative, applied and interdisciplinary questions of justice, established at the Goethe University of Frankfurt/Main. The main goal of the Research Unit is to bring together the theoretical and methodological perspectives of diverse approaches in political theory and philosophy with respect to normative debates about justice. Its members will collaborate on research projects among themselves and with visiting senior and junior fellows, share their expertise on different topics, and establish networks with the policy-making community and with normatively-informed research in the empirical social sciences. The aim of the Research Unit is to examine fundamental questions of justice beyond the classical framework of ideal theories for a self-contained society. Research will therefore focus on issues of global, international and transnational justice as well as on the implications of empirical challenges for normative theories of justice (whether domestic or global). Contemporary theories of justice face two challenges. Firstly, their scope is often still too narrow as they remain focussed on the state as their primary, if not unique, unit of assessment. This seemed justified when states were perceived to be the solution to most of the moral puzzles raised by human interaction and cooperation, as in the classical social contract tradition. However, in an increasingly globalised world order - where sources of power are, more often than not, multileveled and all but firmly grounded in national institutions - the statist focus seems both too narrow and too unrealistic. Secondly, and relatedly, normative theories are often so general and abstract that it seems almost impossible to apply them to concrete political scenarios. Hence, the need for a methodological reconsideration of the best way requires to theorise questions of justice.An adequate theory of justice needs, therefore, to broaden its scope so as to deal with the circumstances of a globalised world, and to strengthen its connection with practical concerns. These two dimensions will be at the centre of the Research Unit. In order to tackle these problems, the members of the Research Unit will both run regular informal meetings to discuss their ongoing research and host international workshops and conferences with external speakers. The Research Unit will also attempt to establish strong links with the policy-making community (including think tanks, political research foundations, and trade unions). The Research Unit will be hosting regular research workshops and conferences, and two fellowship programmes (for early-career and established researchers respectively), which will be advertised in due course.