International Collaboration Research Using the EISCATRadars

斯瓦尔巴群岛EISCAT雷达(ESR)是世界上观测极尖和极帽地区电离层现象的最伟大的工具之一。与分别于1981年和1987年投入使用的北斯堪的纳维亚半岛北部的EISCAT UHF和VHF(KST)雷达一起，EISCAT雷达系统为我们提供了极地电离层上的基本物理参数。日地环境实验室(STEL)在使用EISCAT科学协会的ESR和KST雷达促进各种研究项目方面发挥了核心作用。以NIPR为代表的日本于1996年4月作为第七个联系国加入了EISCAT科学协会。STEL与全国各地的研究人员合作，一直在进行特殊计划(SP)实验并创建通用计划(CP)数据档案。EISCAT数据库可通过网络向合作研究人员开放。日本特别计划(SP)实验是应全国合作研究人员提交的建议而进行的。1998财政年度实施了四个重大的SP项目：(1)极点和帽区电动力学研究；(2)基于EISCAT和Akebono卫星同时实验的极地动力学研究；(3)E区中性风的个例研究；以及(4)基于ESR、CAPER火箭和光学仪器同时观测的极光动力学研究。除(3)外，所有这些项目都是在国际基础上进行的。本财政年度以SP为基础的显著科学成果之一是使用甚高频和电子自旋共振雷达研究离子外流。利用这两个雷达，我们得到了场向分量和垂直分量之间的温度不均匀性。这一刚刚提交给地球物理研究快报的结果肯定有助于揭示极地电离层中的电离外流。

Svalbard EISCAT radar (ESR) is one of the greatest tools in the world for observing ionospheric phenomena in the polar cusp and cap regions. Together with EISCAT UHF and VHF (KST) radars in northern Scandinavia, which have been operated since 1981 and 1987 respectively, EISCAT radar systems provide us with essential physical parameters over the polar ionosphere. Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory (STEL) has been playing a central role in promoting a variety of research projects using the ESR and KST radars of the EISCAT Scientific Association. Japan, represented by NIPR, joined the EISCAT Scientific Association as the seventh associate country in April 1996. STEL, in collaboration with researchers across the nation, has been conducting Special Program (SP) experiments and creating Common Program (CP) data archives. The EISCAT database is available to collaborative researchers through network.Japanese Special Program (SP) experiments have been conducted in response to proposals submitted from collaborative researchers across the nation. In fiscal year 1998 four major SP projects were conducted : (1) research on the electrodynamics in the polar cusp and cap regions ; (2) research on polar dynamics based on simultaneous experiments with EISCAT and the Akebono satellite ; (3) a case study on the E region neutral wind ; and (4) research on auroral dynamics based on simultaneous observations using ESR, CAPER rocket and optical instruments. All of these projects except (3) were conducted on an international basis.One of the prominent scientific results in this fiscal year based on SP is a study of ion-outflow using both VHF and ESR radars. By using the two radars we derived the temperature inhomogeneities between temperatures of the field-aligned and its vertical components. This result, just submitted to Geophysical Research Letters, is sure to contribute to throwing light on the ionoutflow in the polar ionosphere.