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気候変動脆弱性の総合評価と都市での応用

气候变化脆弱性综合评估及其在城市中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
13F03776
负责人：
厳網林
金额：
$ 0.45万
依托单位：
Keio University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2013-04-01 至 2015-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The Great Eastern Japan Earthquake and subsequent tsunami that occurred in March 2011 resulted in a nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), which is affiliated with the Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO). Although the disaster is not catalysed by climate change completely but it casted similar issues to human society and prompted reflections to the path of human development. We choose Minamisoma City, located 14-38 km north of FDNPP, as a study area. It is one of the cities most severely affected by the nuclear explosion. 42 percent of the evacuees from Fukushima Prefecture were residents of this city. Three years after the triple disasters the affected area is undergoing recovery. We have conducted fieldworks to the city. We found that reconstruction efforts in the radiation-contaminated area are not progressing as quickly as those in areas that were only affected by the earthquake and tsunami. Three obstacles are hampering the reconstruction. The first one concerns the outmigration of residents and aging of the population. The second one is the delays in decontamination. Major industries were affected following the Fukushima accident. The third one is the long-term symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress of residents, specially the evacuees. This research was about one year. We have published one journal paper on "Radiation-Driven Migration: The Case of Minamisoma City, Fukushima, Japan, after the Fukushima Nuclear Accident", International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health vol. 11(9), 9286-9305.

2011年3月发生的东日本大地震和随后的海啸导致东京电力公司（TEPCO）下属的福岛第一核电站（FDNPP）发生核事故。虽然这场灾难并不完全是气候变化催化的，但它给人类社会带来了类似的问题，促使人们对人类发展道路进行反思。我们选择位于FDNPP以北14-38 km的南相马市作为研究区域。它是受核爆炸影响最严重的城市之一。从福岛县撤离的人中有42%是本市居民。三重灾害发生三年后，受灾地区正在恢复。我们已对该市进行了实地考察。我们发现，受辐射污染地区的重建工作进展不如仅受地震和海啸影响地区的重建工作快。有三个障碍阻碍着重建。第一个是居民外移和人口老化。第二个问题是消毒工作的拖延。福岛事故后，主要工业受到影响。第三是居民，特别是撤离人员的焦虑、抑郁和压力的长期症状。这项研究大约持续了一年。我们发表了一篇期刊论文，题为“辐射驱动的移徙：日本福岛南相马市在福岛核事故后的情况”，《国际环境研究和公共卫生杂志》，第11（9）卷，第9286-9305页。