Screening for ‘resistance’ to Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) in strawberry and raspberry accessions

入侵性实蝇，斑翅果蝇（spotted wing drosophila，SWD），是世界范围内危害我国软果生产的重要害虫之一。这是由于雌性能够刺穿成熟果实的完整表皮并产卵，导致相当大的作物损失。在过去20年中，由于受感染的水果材料在大陆之间的移动，SWD能够迅速迁移。该害虫于2012年首次在英国发现，据估计，目前的减灾成本和因损害造成的作物损失为每年2000万至3000万英镑。英国工业。目前的缓解措施包括施用杀虫剂、精心种植的高劳动力投入以及定期采摘废弃水果，这些水果必须仔细处理，以防止苍蝇返回感染作物。该项目旨在鉴定对SWD敏感性降低甚至抗性的草莓和树莓种质，以减轻种植者对包括化学植物保护产品在内的控制策略的依赖。不同品种的果实特性如果皮厚度、含糖量、色泽和果肉硬度存在差异，这可能会影响果实对SWD的吸引力。通过鉴定对SWD不太敏感的草莓和树莓品种，我们可以帮助开发育种系和不太敏感的品种，以造福目前遭受大量作物损失导致大量废果的生产者。此外，该项目将为育种计划提供宝贵的信息，并为未来的研究提供初步数据。

The invasive fruit fly, spotted wing drosophila (SWD), is one of the most serious pests in soft fruit production worldwide. This is due to the females' ability to pierce the intact skin of ripening fruits and lay eggs, resulting in considerable crop loss. SWD has been able to migrate quickly within the past 20 years aided by the movement of infected fruit material between continents. The pest was first detected in the UK in 2012 and is estimated that the current cost of mitigation and the crop loss due to damage is £20 - £30 million p.a. to the UK industry. Current mitigation measures include pesticide applications, high labour inputs involved with careful plant husbandry and regular picking of waste fruit, which must be carefully disposed of to prevent the fly returning to infect the crop. This project aims to identify strawberry and raspberry germplasm with reduced susceptibility or even resistance to SWD which would alleviate growers' reliance on control strategies including chemical plant protection products. There is variation between cultivars for differences in fruit characteristics such as skin thickness, sugar content, shade of colour and flesh firmness which may have an impact on the attractiveness of fruit to SWD. By identifying strawberry and raspberry accessions that are less susceptible to SWD, we can help develop breeding lines and less sensitive cultivars for the benefit of producers which currently suffer large crop losses resulting in large volumes of waste fruit. Furthermore, this project will provide invaluable information to breeding programmes and generate preliminary data for future research.