Intergenerational health impacts of interpersonal and community-based violence: From childbirth to childbearing

人际和社区暴力对代际健康的影响：从分娩到生育

• 批准号: 10155085
• 负责人: Stephanie Michelle Koning
• 金额: $ 6.64万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10155085
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Advocacy; Affect; Age; Anthropometry; Area; Behavior; Biological; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Biological Models; Biosocial; Birth; Birth Weight; Blood Pressure; Blood specimen; C-reactive protein; Child; Child Abuse; Childbirth; Childhood; Chronic; Collection; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Domestic Violence; Epidemiology; Equation; Event; Exposure to; Faculty; Family; Fellowship; Female; Fetal Growth Retardation; Future; Generations; Goals; Grant; Hair; Health; Hormones; Household; Human; Human Rights; Hydrocortisone; Infant; Infant Health; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Interpersonal Violence; Interview; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal Surveys; Low Birth Weight Infant; Maternal Exposure; Maternal Health; Maternal and Child Health; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Migrant; Military Personnel; Minority Groups; Modeling; Mothers; Myanmar; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Outcome; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Philippines; Physiology; Police; Policies; Population; Positioning Attribute; Postdoctoral Fellow; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prospective cohort study; Psychological Models; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Public Policy; Publications; Recording of previous events; Refugees; Reporting; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Risk; Salivary; Sampling; Schools; Shapes; Siblings; Skin; Southeastern Asia; Stress; Structure; Surveys; Techniques; Testing; Thailand; Training; Trauma; Universities; Uterus; Violence; Woman; World Health Organization; Writing; acute stress; adverse birth outcomes; base; biological adaptation to stress; career; child bearing; cohort; cytokine; design; emerging adult; experience; field study; gender-based violence; health disparity populations; health inequalities; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; improved; interest; intergenerational; intimate partner violence; life history; maternal stress; member; nutrition; physical abuse; post-doctoral training; pregnancy health; premature; prenatal stress; prospective; racism; recruit; sample collection; social; social health determinants; social stress; stress symptom; vigilance; violence exposure; violence victimization

Project Summary This proposal outlines a 3-year post-doctoral training fellowship, designed to prepare the trainee for a career as an independent researcher at a major research university. The research and training plan are based on the applicant's interest in studying social determinants of health and how violence and social stress are structured and embodied in ways that can perpetuate health inequities across generations. Her career before graduate school involved applied mixed method research and public policy advocacy for minority populations experiencing disenfranchisement and human rights violations in Southeast Asia. During her graduate training she gained advanced training in epidemiologic, demographic, and social research methods in order to study structural causes of population health disparities. For her dissertation, she designed and completed her own survey at the Thai-Myanmar border among refugees, migrants, and local residents in order to better evaluate how maternal and child health is shaped by maternal life histories related to armed conflict, racism, military and police surveillance, and other forms of violence. She recruited over 800 mother-child pairs, 520 of which completed each survey component: in depth mother interviews, anthropometry, and hair sample collections. The post-doctoral research and training that she proposes uses data she has already collected, along with complementary datasets from Southeast Asia and the US, that allow her to examine more closely how violence can influence maternal and child health, through social chains of risk and related biological mechanisms. She will model maternal chains of risk triggered by violence and potentially leading to adverse birth outcomes, from childbirth to childbearing, as they are indicated in life event histories collected among conflict- and displacement-affected populations at the Thai-Myanmar border (Aim 1) and as they have been measured prospectively in a US-representative cohort at the peak of family formation (Aim 2). She will focus in more closely on maternal biological stress as a mediator of past violence and adverse birth outcomes by examining how childhood and adolescent violence shape adult biological markers of stress and chronic inflammation among mothers before and during pregnancy based on cohort data from the Philippines (Aim 3). The proposed training plan involves the study of human biological and psychological models of stress and health physiology, along with practical training in the bioassays and analysis of stress biomarker data, in order to complete the proposed aims and prepare for an independent research career. Specific training goals include: (1) Deepen understanding of stress physiology and biosocial pathways of embodiment; (2) Broaden expertise with field-based longitudinal survey data collection and analysis; (3) Learn field-based stress data and biospecimen collection and related lab techniques and analyses; and (4) Establish publication record, prepare for faculty position, and write grants for future research.

项目概要 该提案概述了一项为期 3 年的博士后培训奖学金，旨在帮助学员做好准备 在一所主要研究型大学担任独立研究员。研究和培训计划基于 申请人对研究健康的社会决定因素以及暴力和社会压力如何影响的兴趣 其结构和体现方式可以使健康不平等现象在代际之间长期存在。她之前的职业生涯 研究生院涉及应用混合方法研究和针对少数群体的公共政策倡导 在东南亚经历着被剥夺公民权和侵犯人权的情况。在她的研究生培训期间 她接受了流行病学、人口统计和社会研究方法方面的高级培训，以便进行研究 人口健康差异的结构性原因。为了她的论文，她设计并完成了自己的论文 在泰缅边境对难民、移民和当地居民进行调查，以便更好地评估 与武装冲突、种族主义、军事和武装冲突有关的孕产妇生活史如何影响孕产妇和儿童健康 警察监视和其他形式的暴力。她招募了800多对母子，其中520对 完成了每个调查部分：深入的母亲访谈、人体测量和头发样本收集。 她提议的博士后研究和培训使用她已经收集的数据以及 来自东南亚和美国的补充数据集，使她能够更仔细地研究暴力是如何发生的 可以通过社会风险链和相关生物机制影响孕产妇和儿童健康。她 将模拟由暴力引发并可能导致不良分娩结果的孕产妇风险链， 生育到生育，正如在冲突和冲突中收集的生活事件历史中所表明的那样 泰缅边境受流离失所影响的人口（目标 1）及其测量结果 前瞻性地在家庭形成高峰期的美国代表性队列中进行研究（目标 2）。她将专注于更多 通过检查密切关注孕产妇生物压力作为过去暴力和不良出生结果的中介因素 儿童和青少年暴力如何塑造成人压力和慢性炎症的生物标志物 根据菲律宾的队列数据，在母亲怀孕前和怀孕期间进行调查（目标 3）。 拟议的培训计划涉及对人类压力和心理的生物和心理模型的研究。 健康生理学，以及生物测定和压力生物标志物数据分析的实践培训，以便 完成拟议的目标并为独立研究生涯做好准备。具体训练目标 包括：（1）加深对应激生理学和生物社会体现途径的理解； (2) 拓宽 具有实地纵向调查数据收集和分析的专业知识； (3) 学习现场应力数据 和生物样本采集以及相关的实验室技术和分析； (4) 建立出版记录， 为教职做好准备，并为未来的研究提供资助。