Transfer learning to improve the re-usability of computable biomedical knowledge

迁移学习提高可计算生物医学知识的可重用性

• 批准号: 10158538
• 负责人: Ye Ye
• 金额: $ 9.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-04 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10158538
• 关键词: Affect; Algorithms; Applications Grants; Area; Artificial Intelligence; Bayesian Method; Bayesian Modeling; Bayesian Network; Big Data; Clinical; Communicable Diseases; Communication; Complement; Computerized Medical Record; Computers; Data; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Epidemic; Epidemiology; Future; Goals; Grant; Health; Healthcare Systems; Heterogeneity; Influenza; Institution; Investigation; Investments; Knowledge; Lead; Location; Lung diseases; Machine Learning; Medical center; Medicine; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Natural Language Processing; Parainfluenza; Patients; Performance; Play; Preventive Medicine; Process; Psychological Transfer; Public Health; Public Health Informatics; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Semantics; Societies; Source; Testing; Time; Training; Twin Multiple Birth; Unified Medical Language System; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Update; Utah; Work; Writing; base; career; career development; computer program; convolutional neural network; deep learning; deep neural network; detector; experience; health care settings; improved; insight; large datasets; learning algorithm; mathematical model; multidisciplinary; neural network; skills; statistics; usability

Candidate: With my multidisciplinary background in Artificial Intelligence (PhD), Public Health Informatics (MS), Epidemiology and Health Statistics (MS), and Preventive Medicine (Bachelor of Medicine), my career goal is to become an independent investigator working at the intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Biomedicine, with a particular emphasis initially in machine learning and public health. Training plan: My K99/R00 training plan emphasizes machine learning, deep learning and scientific communication skills (presentation, writing articles, and grant applications), which will complement my current strengths in artificial intelligence, statistics, medicine and public health. I have a very strong mentoring team. My mentors, Drs. Michael Becich (primary), Gregory Cooper, Heng Huang, and Michael Wagner, all of whom are experienced with research and professional career development. Research plan: The research goal of my proposed K99/R00 grant is to increase the re-use of computable biomedical knowledge, which is knowledge represented in computer-interpretable formalisms such as Bayesian networks and neural networks. I refer to such representations as models. Although models can be re-used in toto in another setting, there may be loss of performance or, even more problematically, fundamental mismatches between the data required by the model and the data available in the new setting making their re-use impossible. The field of transfer learning develops algorithms for transferring knowledge from one setting to another. Transfer learning, a sub-area of machine learning, explicitly distinguishes between a source setting, which has the model that we would like to re-use, and a target setting, which has data insufficient for deriving a model from data and therefore needs to re-use a model from a source setting. I propose to develop and evaluate several Bayesian Network Transfer Learning (BN- TL) algorithms and a Convolutional Neural Network Transfer Learning algorithm. My specific research aims are to: (1) further develop and evaluate BN-TL for sharing computable knowledge across healthcare settings; (2) develop and evaluate BN-TL for updating computable knowledge over time; and (3) develop and evaluate a deep transfer learning algorithm that combines knowledge in heterogeneous scenarios. I will do this research on models that are used to automatically detect cases of infectious disease such as influenza. Impact: The proposed research takes advantage of large datasets that I previously developed; therefore I expect to quickly have results with immediate implications for how case detection models are shared from a region that is initially experiencing an epidemic to another location that wishes to have optimal case-detection capability as early as possible. More generally, it will bring insight into machine learning enhanced biomedical knowledge sharing and updating. This training grant will prepare me to work independently and lead efforts to develop computational solutions to meet biomedical needs in future R01 projects.

候选人：凭借我在人工智能（博士），公共卫生信息学， (MS)，流行病学和卫生统计学（MS）和预防医学（医学学士），我的职业生涯 我的目标是成为一名独立的研究人员，在人工智能和 生物医学，最初特别强调机器学习和公共卫生。 培训计划：我的K99/R 00培训计划强调机器学习、深度学习和 科学沟通技巧（演讲，撰写文章和资助申请），这将补充 我目前在人工智能、统计学、医学和公共卫生方面的优势。我强烈 指导团队。我的导师Michael Becich（小学）、Gregory库珀、Heng Huang和Michael 瓦格纳，他们都是经验丰富的研究和专业职业发展。 研究计划：我建议的K99/R 00补助金的研究目标是增加对 可计算的生物医学知识，它是以计算机可解释的形式表示的知识 例如贝叶斯网络和神经网络。我把这种表示称为模型。虽然模型 可以在另一个设置中完全重复使用，可能会损失性能，甚至更多 问题是，模型所需的数据与现有数据之间存在根本性的不匹配， 新的设置使其无法重复使用。迁移学习领域开发了用于 将知识从一个环境转移到另一个环境。迁移学习是机器学习的一个子领域， 明确区分了源设置（具有我们想要重用的模型）和 目标设置，其数据不足以从数据中导出模型，因此需要重用模型 从源设置。我建议开发和评估几个贝叶斯网络迁移学习（BN- TL）算法和卷积神经网络迁移学习算法。我的具体研究目标 （1）进一步开发和评估BN-TL，以在医疗保健领域共享可计算知识 （2）开发和评估BN-TL，以随着时间的推移更新可计算知识;（3）开发和 评估在异构场景中结合知识的深度迁移学习算法。我会尽 这项研究是关于用于自动检测流感等传染病病例的模型。 影响：拟议的研究利用了我以前开发的大型数据集;因此，我 我希望很快就能得到结果，对如何从一个 从最初经历流行病的地区转移到另一个希望获得最佳病例检测的地区 能力，尽早。更一般地说，它将带来对机器学习的深入了解， 生物医学知识共享和更新。这项培训补助金将使我能够独立工作， 领导开发计算解决方案的工作，以满足未来R 01项目的生物医学需求。