Saccade Target Selection in Naturalistic Visual Search

项目摘要 了解我们如何选择眼球跳动的目标是一个影响深远的基础研究问题 重要性。这些快速的眼球运动允许中心凹注视感兴趣的物体，我们通常会 每天超过17万次扫视。眼跳对于高效的视觉感知和行动至关重要： 从读书到做饭再到开车，大多数常见的行为都会严重影响眼跳系统，而 选择扫视目标的机制失调会影响所有这些日常活动的表现 活动。上丘(SC)是负责控制眼跳的关键中脑结构， 由两个部分组成：主要对视觉刺激做出反应的浅层(SCs)和 中间层(SCI)，既可以显示视觉反应，也可以显示眼跳相关反应。尽管它的 重要的是，我们仍然对SC如何在现实条件下选择扫视目标知之甚少。这项研究将 解决我们知识中的这一关键差距。在这一领域取得进展的一个主要障碍是 分析在自然条件下的神经反应，并解决这个问题需要一个模型，它可以 在自然条件下提供神经反应的可测试预测。我们将使用最先进的神经 模型，MASC(上丘注意模型)，它结合了基于SC的约束 解剖学和生理学，并在预测各种眼跳终点和扫描路径方面做得更好 搜索和免费查看任务。结合神经记录，我们将阐明如何表面-和 中间层SC神经元在整合与突显、关联、抑制相关的活动方面有所不同 在多扫视视觉搜索期间进行标记和移动选择。此外，我们还将测试捐款 在前部眼场中，向SC提供输入的皮质区域，向SC中的这些搜索相关信号提供输入。

Project Summary Understanding how we select targets for saccadic eye movements is a basic research question of far-reaching importance. These rapid eye movements allow the fovea to fixate objects of interest, and we typically make more than 170,000 saccades each day. Saccades are essential for efficient visual perception and action: from reading to cooking to driving, most common behaviors heavily engage the saccadic system, and a dysfunctional mechanism for selecting saccade targets would impair performance in all of these everyday activities. The superior colliculus (SC), a key midbrain structure responsible for controlling saccades, is comprised of two subdivisions: the superficial layers (SCs), which respond predominantly to visual stimuli, and the intermediate layers (SCi), which can show both visual and saccade-related responses. Despite its importance, we still know little about how the SC selects saccade targets in realistic conditions. This study will address this critical gap in our knowledge. A major obstacle to progress in this area has been the complexity of analyzing neural responses under naturalistic conditions, and tackling this problem requires a model that can provide testable predictions of neural responses in naturalistic conditions. We will use a state-of-the-art neural model, MASC (Model of Attention in the Superior Colliculus), which incorporates constraints based on SC anatomy and physiology, and does a superior job of predicting saccade endpoints and scanpaths in a variety of search and free-viewing tasks. In conjunction with neural recordings, we will elucidate how superficial- and intermediate-layer SC neurons differ in their integration of activity related to salience, relevance, inhibitory tagging, and movement selection during multi-saccade visual search. In addition, we will test the contributions of the frontal eye field, a cortical area providing input to the SC, to these search-related signals in the SC.