Saccade Target Selection in Naturalistic Visual Search

项目摘要 了解我们如何选择扫视眼球运动的目标是一个影响深远的基础研究问题 重要性这些快速的眼球运动使中央凹能够注视感兴趣的物体， 超过17万次扫视扫视对于有效的视觉感知和行动至关重要：从 从阅读到烹饪再到驾驶，大多数常见的行为都严重地涉及扫视系统，并且 选择扫视目标的功能失调的机制会损害所有这些日常活动的表现， 活动上级丘（SC）是负责控制扫视的关键中脑结构， 由两个细分组成：表层（SC），主要对视觉刺激做出反应， 中间层（SCi），它可以显示视觉和扫视相关的反应。尽管 重要的是，我们仍然知道很少的SC如何选择眼跳目标在现实条件下。本研究将 填补我们知识中的这一关键空白。在这一领域取得进展的一个主要障碍是， 分析自然条件下的神经反应，解决这个问题需要一个模型， 在自然条件下提供可测试的神经反应预测。我们将使用最先进的神经 模型，MASC（上级丘的注意力模型），它结合了基于SC的约束 解剖学和生理学，并在预测扫视终点和扫描路径的各种上级工作 搜索和自由浏览任务。结合神经记录，我们将阐明如何肤浅-和 中间层SC神经元在与显著性、相关性、抑制性相关的活动的整合方面有所不同 标记和多扫视视觉搜索期间的运动选择。此外，我们还将测试 额叶眼区的皮层区域向SC提供输入，向SC中的这些搜索相关信号提供输入。

Project Summary Understanding how we select targets for saccadic eye movements is a basic research question of far-reaching importance. These rapid eye movements allow the fovea to fixate objects of interest, and we typically make more than 170,000 saccades each day. Saccades are essential for efficient visual perception and action: from reading to cooking to driving, most common behaviors heavily engage the saccadic system, and a dysfunctional mechanism for selecting saccade targets would impair performance in all of these everyday activities. The superior colliculus (SC), a key midbrain structure responsible for controlling saccades, is comprised of two subdivisions: the superficial layers (SCs), which respond predominantly to visual stimuli, and the intermediate layers (SCi), which can show both visual and saccade-related responses. Despite its importance, we still know little about how the SC selects saccade targets in realistic conditions. This study will address this critical gap in our knowledge. A major obstacle to progress in this area has been the complexity of analyzing neural responses under naturalistic conditions, and tackling this problem requires a model that can provide testable predictions of neural responses in naturalistic conditions. We will use a state-of-the-art neural model, MASC (Model of Attention in the Superior Colliculus), which incorporates constraints based on SC anatomy and physiology, and does a superior job of predicting saccade endpoints and scanpaths in a variety of search and free-viewing tasks. In conjunction with neural recordings, we will elucidate how superficial- and intermediate-layer SC neurons differ in their integration of activity related to salience, relevance, inhibitory tagging, and movement selection during multi-saccade visual search. In addition, we will test the contributions of the frontal eye field, a cortical area providing input to the SC, to these search-related signals in the SC.