Laying the Foundation for Personalized Smoking Cessation Treatment in the American Indian Population

摘要 本提案的总体目标是提供培训、职业发展和指导， 候选人卡罗尔博士发展独立研究项目的能力， 和个性化的方法，商业戒烟治疗，以美国印第安人和阿拉斯加州， 原住民（AI/AN）。卡罗尔博士是明尼苏达大学医学院的助理教授。 公共卫生与共济会癌症中心的预约。卡罗尔博士完成了研究生培训， 流行病学和公共卫生，以及分子遗传学的本科培训。她完成了两年的 博士后奖学金与UMN烟草研究计划的支持下，美国国立卫生研究院T32获得 临床试验的专业知识。在这个职业发展奖的五年里，卡罗尔博士计划发展 吸烟行为的遗传贡献者、遗传数据的统计分析和定性数据方面的专业知识 了解AI/AN遗传研究障碍的技能。这些新的培训领域对于 候选人能够充分服务于部落社区谁希望从事基于遗传学的研究， 戒烟的方法候选人拥有强大的导师团队，其中包括世界知名的 学术科学家和与AI/AN社区的联系，以及相关的职业发展计划， 使她能够发展成为一个成功的学术研究者，并通过竞争获得独立的资金， R 01赠款机制。该研究提案的基础是与AI Tribe的现有合作 商业吸烟率> 60%。目的一是检测尼古丁代谢基因型 和表型数据，其具有优化戒烟治疗的证据，并且与以下生物标志物相关： 尼古丁剂量和吸烟强度以及人工智能吸烟者的尼古丁依赖性。申请人还将 探索吸烟行为的社会和文化决定因素，因此有可能提供一个 全面了解为什么人工智能吸烟率如此之高，戒烟成功率却很低。Aim II使用焦点 小组，以评估参与遗传研究的看法和障碍， 戒烟治疗的方法以及克服AI吸烟者及其医疗保健障碍的方法 提供商AIM III的目标是扩大候选人与AI Tribes的现有合作， 候选人可以帮助更多的部落制定有效的戒烟干预措施。最终，完成 这项研究将提供证据，证明卡罗尔博士在与人工智能部落合作， 可行的遗传研究，并将允许她进行额外的遗传研究和遗传信息 有高吸烟史和低吸烟率的人群的戒烟治疗方法 参与基因研究。这一建议和投资的结果在博士卡罗尔的继续 培训有可能大大减少AI/AN人群中的商业吸烟。

ABSTRACT The overall goal of this proposal is to provide the training, career development, and mentorship that will result in the candidate Dr. Carroll’s ability to develop an independent program of research that brings genetic studies and personalized approaches to commercial smoking cessation treatment to the American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) population. Dr. Carroll is an Assistant Professor at the University of Minnesota (UMN) School of Public Health with an appointment at the Masonic Cancer Center. Dr. Carroll completed graduate training in epidemiology and public health, and undergraduate training in molecular genetics. She completed a two year postdoctoral fellowship with the UMN Tobacco Research Programs with the support of an NIH T32 gaining expertise in clinical trials. During the five years of this career development award, Dr. Carroll plans to develop expertise in genetic contributors to smoking behavior, statistical analysis of genetic data, and qualitative data skills for understanding barriers to genetic research in AI/AN. These areas of new training are essential for the candidate to be able to fully serve Tribal communities who wish to embark upon genetic-based research and approaches to smoking cessation. The candidate has a strong mentorship team that includes world-renowned academic scientists and liaisons with the AI/AN community, and a relevant career development plan that will enable her to develop into a successful academic investigator and compete for independent funding through R01 grant mechanisms. The foundation of the research proposal is an existing collaboration with an AI Tribe with a commercial smoking prevalence >60%. The goal of Aim I is to examine nicotine metabolism genotype and phenotype data, which has evidence for optimizing cessation treatment, and relating to biomarkers of nicotine dose and smoking intensity, and nicotine dependence among AI smokers. The applicant will also explore social and cultural determinants of smoking behavior and therefore has the potential to provide a comprehensive picture for why AI smoke at such high rates and have poor quit success. Aim II utilizes focus groups to assess perceptions of and barriers to participating in genetic studies and genetically-informed approaches to cessation treatment and ways to overcome barriers among AI smokers and their healthcare providers. The goal of AIM III is to expand the candidate’s existing collaborations with AI Tribes so that the candidate can assist more Tribes in developing effective cessation interventions. Ultimately, the completion of this study will provide evidence of Dr. Carroll’s expertise in collaborating with AI tribes on a focused and highly feasible genetic study and will allow for her to pursue additional genetic studies and genetically-informed approaches to smoking cessation treatment in a population with a history of high smoking and low rates of participating in genetic research. The result of this proposal and investment in the Dr. Carroll’s continued training have the potential to dramatically reduce commercial cigarette smoking among the AI/AN population.