Improved transdisciplinary science for effective ecosystem-based maritime spatial planning and conservation in European Seas (MarinePlan)

当今最紧迫的挑战之一是保护生态系统生物多样性和功能的丧失，同时允许依赖其服务、商品和利益的人对其进行剥削。在欧洲，海洋空间规划（MSP）是理想地整合可持续性和开发利用的主要治理过程。这需要工具和知识来协调MSP和海洋保护区（MPA）的指定过程，这在跨境协调和连通性方面尤其缺乏。基于大量的专业知识和坚实的理论基础，海洋计划将与利益相关者共同开发基于生态系统的海洋空间规划（EB-MSP）的决策支持系统（DSS），并提供最佳实践指导，以提高欧洲海域海洋生物多样性空间保护和恢复措施的有效性。工具将包括具有重要生态或生物意义的海洋区域（EBSA）的操作标准，以便在具有多种用途的复杂海域以不同规模分配养护和恢复区域，同时考虑到气候变化的影响。发展支助系统将在八个欧洲规划地点开发和应用，从沿海生态系统到公海和深海，从当地到跨界尺度。应用和验证DSS将纳入现实的规划情景，实现欧盟生物多样性战略的关键行动要点，以及如何加强EB-MSP在欧洲海域实施的政策建议。海洋计划将在水平（部门之间）和垂直（从地方到欧洲）层面向决策者传达结果，并使知识能够转移到不同社会生态环境的地区。改善的自然和社会科学基础将确保有效的政策制定，以支持在执行环境政策方面更加协调一致，并使海洋工业的规划得以精简。

One of today’s most pressing challenges safeguard the loss of ecosystem biodiversity and functioning, while simultaneously allowing for their exploitation by those who depend on their services, goods and benefits. In Europe, Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) is the main governance process to ideally integrate sustainability and exploitation. This requires tools and knowledge to align MSP and marine protected area (MPA) designation processes, which are lacking particularly regarding transboundary coordination and connectivity. Founded on a large amount of expertise and a solid theoretical basis, Marine Plan will co-develop with stakeholders a Decision Support System (DSS) for ecosystem-based maritime spatial planning (EB-MSP) together with best practice guidance to enhance the effectiveness of spatial conservation and restoration measures for marine biodiversity in European Seas. Tools will comprise operational criteria for ecologically or biologically significant marine areas (EBSA), enabling the allocation of conservation and restoration areas at various scales in complex sea areas with multiple uses, while including the effects of climate change. The DSS will be developed and applied at eight European planning sites, from coastal ecosystems to open ocean and the deep sea and from local to trans-boundary scales. Applying and validating the DSS will incorporate realistic planning scenarios, key action points to achieve the EU Biodiversity Strategy, and policy recommendations how to enhance EB-MSP implementation in European Seas. Marine Plan will communicate results to decision-makers at horizontal (between sectors) and vertical (from local to European) levels and enable the transfer of knowledge to areas in differing socio-ecological settings. The improved natural and social science base will ensure effective policymaking to support a greater coherence in implementing environmental policies as well as to enable streamlined planning for marine industries.