The Behavioral Health of Venezuelan Families in Diaspora: A Cross-National Study of Migration-Related Stress and Resilience

散居国外的委内瑞拉家庭的行为健康： 移民相关压力和复原力的跨国研究 项目摘要 联合国估计，自2015年以来，已有近500万委内瑞拉人逃离家园。在 目前，委内瑞拉人是美国增长最快的移民群体之一， 美国每年作为其他国家公民申请庇护的人数。值得注意的是，几乎没有 系统的研究-不包括我们的形成性工作-已经检查了委内瑞拉家庭的福祉， 散居地。我们对委内瑞拉青年便利样本的横断面形成性研究的结果 父母们认为，抑郁症和酗酒是这一人群面临的关键挑战， 委内瑞拉危机移民在移民之前和之后都面临着很大的压力。为了解决这个 关键的研究差距，我们的目标是进行委内瑞拉侨民在美国的权威性研究， 比较样本的研究，这将提供知识至关重要，以解决当前和 这份报告的目的是为了满足委内瑞拉危机移民家庭的长期需求，并为应对未来危机提供信息。比较 与哥伦比亚的委内瑞拉人进行接触，对于确定美国生活的各个方面， 危机移民中的风险，并为西半球的特定背景和跨国解决方案提供信息 危机基于文化压力理论，我们研究了移民前的因素和移民后的文化压力是如何影响移民的。 压力影响家庭功能，进而影响父母和青少年行为健康结果（即，抑郁症， 酒精滥用）。我们还研究了关键的保护因素（例如，种族自豪感，家庭主义），缓冲 假设的压力源。该研究项目围绕三个具体目标： [1]确定移民前和移民后与抑郁症和酒精滥用有关的风险和保护因素， 委内瑞拉危机移民青年和他们的父母，在美国（n = 500）和哥伦比亚（n = 250）招募二人组。 [2]：确定迁移前因素（例如，慢性饥饿、心理社会压力）和 移民后的文化压力影响委内瑞拉危机移民中的抑郁症和酗酒。我们 假设移徙前逆境会扩大移徙后文化压力对家庭的影响 这可能会影响儿童的正常生活，反过来又会增加委内瑞拉青年和父母患抑郁症和滥用酒精的风险。 [3]通过双语报告传播调查结果，以加快支持委内瑞拉危机移民家庭的努力 以及面对面和在线研讨会，以帮助临床和健康提供者改善实践。 我们的团队处于拉丁美洲危机移民研究的最前沿。自2017年以来，我们已经采访了1000+人 委内瑞拉危机移民，目前领导一项研究，与波多黎各家庭流离失所的飓风玛丽亚。 我们设计了一项研究，将提供关键的洞察力，以解决委内瑞拉危机移民的需求 家人立即此外，它将产生与实践相关的知识， 人口危机移徙是一个反复出现的现象。我们的研究可以作为一个重要的案例， 科学家、从业人员和政策制定者力求了解危机移民的需求并作出回应。

The Behavioral Health of Venezuelan Families in Diaspora: A Cross-National Study of Migration-Related Stress and Resilience Project Summary The United Nations estimates that nearly 5 million Venezuelans have fled their home country since 2015. At present, Venezuelans are among the fastest-growing immigrant groups in the United States (US), filing two times the number of US asylum applications annually as citizens from any other country. Remarkably, almost no systematic research—excluding our formative work—has examined the wellbeing of Venezuelan families in diaspora. Findings from our cross-sectional formative research with convenience samples of Venezuelan youth and parents suggest that depression and alcohol misuse are critical challenges for this population, and that many Venezuelan crisis migrants are exposed to high levels of stress both before and after migrating. To address this critical research gap, we aim to conduct the definitive study of the Venezuelan diaspora in the US with a comparison sample in Colombia—a study that will provide knowledge vital to addressing the immediate and longer-term needs of Venezuelan crisis migrant families, and inform responses to future crises. The comparison with Venezuelans in Colombia is essential for identifying aspects of life in the US that may uniquely contribute to risk among crisis migrants, and for informing context-specific and cross-national solutions to a hemispheric crisis. Grounded in cultural stress theory, we examine how pre-migration factors and post-migration cultural stress influence family functioning and, in turn, parent and youth behavioral health outcomes (i.e., depression, alcohol misuse). We also examine how key protective factors (e.g., ethnic pride, familismo), buffer the effects of hypothesized stressors. This research project is oriented around three specific aims: [1] Identify pre- and post-migration risk and protective factors related to depression and alcohol misuse among Venezuelan crisis migrant youth and their parents, recruiting dyads in the US (n = 500) and Colombia (n = 250). [2]: Determine the mechanisms by which pre-migration factors (e.g., chronic hunger, psychosocial stress) and post-migration cultural stress impact depression and alcohol misuse among Venezuelan crisis migrants. We hypothesize that pre-migration adversity will amplify the impact of post-migration cultural stress on family functioning and, in turn, increase risk of depression and alcohol misuse among Venezuelan youth and parents. [3] Disseminate findings to accelerate efforts to support Venezuelan crisis migrant families, via bilingual reports and in-person and online workshops to help clinical and health providers to improve practice. Our team is at the forefront of Latin American crisis migrant research. Since 2017, we have interviewed 1000+ Venezuelan crisis migrants, and currently lead a study with Puerto Rican families displaced by Hurricane Maria. We have designed a study that will provide critical insight to address the needs of Venezuelan crisis migrant families immediately. Moreover, it will yield practice-relevant knowledge generalizable beyond this specific population as crisis migration is a recurring phenomenon. Our study can serve as an important case example as scientists, practitioners, and policymakers seek to understand and respond to the needs of crisis migrants.