Biochar absorption mats for the reduction of ammonia emissions from agricultural practices

** 氨排放 ** 对自然栖息地和我们的河流和湖泊以及人类健康有害，英国87%的氨排放来自农业。政府承诺到2030年将氨排放量在2005年的基础上减少16%。该项目提出了一种解决方案，通过结合两种产品，_** 工程生物炭 **_和_** 铺层垫 **_，** 最大限度地减少氨 **（和其他形式的“未使用的氮”）。单独地，两者在或多或少的程度上具有竞争，但由于生产的特定性质（使用NH3负载的焦炭原料）和结合NH3和其他有害化合物同时螯合碳的目的，最终产品没有直接竞争。** 生物炭 ** 被认为是一项双重绿色革命，既可用于固碳（将碳储存在土壤中，又可减少大气中的碳），又可用于土壤改良。经过一些化学或物理活化后，生物炭可以用作优良的吸收剂/吸附剂材料。与 ** 土工布 ** 结合，生物炭可用于生产 ** 吸收层垫 **，用于不同的 ** 农业实践 **。与研发工作并行（通过热解、制造和测试吸收垫“原型”，从农业废物流生产生物炭，将进行额外的案头研究，包括：（1）生物炭生产的文献综述（来自生物质和鸡粪）及其工程（2）评估按比例扩大的途径（“原型到产品”）和评估潜在市场。

**Ammonia emissions** are harmful to natural habitats and our rivers and lakes, as well as to human health, with 87% of the UK's ammonia emissions coming from farming. The Government has committed to reducing ammonia emissions by 16% reduction of 2005 levels by 2030\. The project proposes a solution to **minimalize ammonia** (and other forms of "unused nitrogen") by the combination of two products, _**engineered biochar**_ and _**ply matting**_. Separately, both have a competition to a greater or lesser extent, but the final product has no direct competition due to the specific nature of production (using NH3-loaded feedstock for the char) and the purpose of binding NH3 and other harmful compounds while sequestering carbon. **Biochar** is considered as a double green revolution, serving both carbon sequestration (storage of carbon in the soil and reduction of carbon in the atmosphere) and soil amendment purposes. After some chemical or physical activation, biochar can be used as an excellent absorbent/adsorbent material. In combination with **geotextiles**, biochar can be used for the production of **absorption ply mats** used in different **agricultural practices**. Parallel to the R&D works (biochar production from agricultural waste streams via pyrolysis, fabrication and testing of ply absorption mats "prototype", additional desk studies will be performed including: (1) Literature review for biochar production (from biomass and chicken litter) and its engineering (activation for absorption studies); and (2) Assessment of scaling up routes ("prototype to product") and assessment of the potential market.