HV360: Hybrid-Autonomous Greenhouse Gas Emissions Verification [Phase 2]

《气候变化巴黎协定》（2015年）和随后的格拉斯哥COP26协议包括一项重要的新要求，要求各国签署国通过测量来验证温室气体（GHG）的排放。立法将侧重于各国向《联合国气候变化框架公约》（UNFCCC）报告的温室气体排放量的准确性和确切数量。有一个技术上具有挑战性的监管和治理趋势，这需要改进温室气体的测量和高质量的报告。这是因为可核实的（直接测量的）排放数据是温室气体缓解行动的关键推动因素。这是由于对细粒度证据的更大需求，以提高气候决策的可靠性，同时避免因洗绿而贬值的复杂性。我们的项目将开发和测试一种新的测绘系统，该系统将在三维空间中测量高精度的温室气体浓度（CO2, CH4）。它结合了机载无人机使用的先进扫描激光系统和传感器。这创造了一个采样和测量系统，可以在任何感兴趣的地区检测温室气体羽流，从而高精度地量化温室气体汇（或排放）。与许多其他方法不同，从我们的解决方案计算的排放量报告具有透明的不确定性，这对于信任和使用排放核算数据很重要。我们的解决方案将提供数据，确保建立一个强有力的证据基础，以确定气候缓解计划的有效性。这种能力具有明确的商业范围，可以定期监测与温室气体补救和排放有关的领域。这里开发的技术解决方案将对温室气体清单提供重大改进和效益；碳核查计划；气候恢复项目；通过可信度和稳健的企业报告，增加自愿碳信用额的价值。它还可以为监管评估提供一个重要工具，以支持向净零的过渡。

The Climate Change Paris Agreement (2015) and subsequent Glasgow COP26 agreements include an important new requirement for national signatories to validate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through measurement. Legislation will focus on the accuracy and the exact amounts of GHG emissions reported by countries to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). There is a technically challenging regulatory and governance trend, which requires improved GHG measurement and reporting to a high quality. This is because verifiable (directly measured) emissions data is a key enabler for GHG mitigation actions. This is driven by a greater need for granular evidence to increase the reliability in climate decisions whilst avoiding the complexities in devaluation through greenwashing.Our project will develop and test a new survey and mapping system that will measure high-precision GHG concentrations (CO2, CH4) in three dimensions. It combines advanced scanning laser systems and sensors used with airborne drones. This creates a sampling and measurement system that can sense GHG plumes over any area of interest for the quantification of GHG sinks (or emissions) with high accuracy. Unlike many other methods, emissions calculated from our solution are reported with a transparent uncertainty, which is important for trust and use of the data for emissions accounting. Our solution will provide the data to ensure a robust evidence base to establish effectiveness of climate mitigation schemes. This capability has clear commercial scope to routinely monitor areas of interest to GHG remediation and emission.The technological solution developed here would provide significant improvement and benefits to GHG inventories; carbon verification schemes; climate based restoration projects; and, increase value of voluntary carbon credits through credibility and robust corporate reporting. It could also provide an important tool for regulatory assessment to support transition to Net Zero.