Neural Dynamics of Local Sleep Spindles and Their Role in Memory

项目摘要 在睡眠期间，我们的大脑保持活跃，并表现出一系列未被观察到的特征电信号 在清醒期间。这些特征信号被认为是睡眠中的基本事件 大脑将信息组织到我们的记忆中。本提案中描述的研究将利用 颅内深度电极数据，以进一步了解人类的记忆巩固。尽管 睡眠和记忆在我们的生活中扮演着基本的角色，但人们对记忆是如何变化的却知之甚少 形成并保持的。颅内数据的可获得性为新的洞察提供了难得的机会。这个 这项提案中描述的研究将确定局部纺锤波在记忆巩固中所起的作用。 纺锤波是脑电中11-16赫兹振荡的瞬间爆发，它们的活动可能 作为心理健康状况以及与记忆相关的病理和表现的独特生物标志物。 纺锤波曾经被认为是相对均匀的电子事件，分布在全球各地 大脑皮层。最近关于局部纺锤波局限于特定大脑的发现使这种理解变得复杂起来。 地区。局部纺锤波在记忆巩固中的作用仍然是个谜。目标一号将确定是否为本地 磁盘轴活动(如全局磁盘轴活动)对获取与 程序性记忆任务。已知在睡眠期间播放的与任务相关的声音会重新激活相关的 记忆，并导致在醒来后对这些记忆的回忆能力提高。重播精选的听觉提示 在睡眠期间，众所周知，这会形成偏向记忆，这将允许我们磨练和检查神经 与那些特定的时间时刻相关的动力学。我们将研究局部纺锤神经是如何 紧跟在提示呈现之后的动态与任务的改进有关。颅内动脉的应用 数据将使我们不仅可以检测到局部的纺锤波，还可以将它们与大脑深层结构的活动联系起来，比如 海马体被认为在睡眠调节的记忆巩固中起着关键作用。目标2将 使用与目标1相同的程序，但使用的是声明性记忆任务，受试者被要求 回想一下电脑屏幕上呈现的各种物体的位置。我们目标的成功将提供一个 详细了解局部心轴动力学如何促进陈述性记忆和程序性记忆 巩固和告知更广泛的努力，以了解睡眠中的振荡活动是如何巩固的 回忆。这项工作还将支持确定有效的记忆睡眠干预措施 健康和疾病的改善。

Project Summary During sleep, our brains remain active and exhibit a range of characteristic electrical signals not observed during awake periods. These characteristic signals are assumed to be fundamental events in the sleeping brain’s organization of information into our memories. The research described in this proposal will utilize intracranial depth electrode data to further our understanding of memory consolidation in humans. Despite the fundamental role sleep and memory play in our lives, little is definitively known about how memories are formed and maintained. The availability of intracranial data presents a rare opportunity for fresh insight. The research described in this proposal will determine the role local spindles play in memory consolidation. Spindles are transient bursts of 11-16 Hz oscillations in the electroencephalogram, and their activity could serve as a unique biomarker for mental health conditions and memory-related pathology and performance. Spindles were once considered relatively uniform electrical events, globally distributed throughout the neocortex. This understanding is complicated by recent findings of local spindles restricted to specific brain regions. The role of local spindles in memory consolidation remains a mystery. Aim 1 will determine if local spindle activity (like global spindle activity) is sensitive to the acquisition of new information related to a procedural memory task. Task-related sounds played during sleep are known to reactivate the associated memories and lead to improved recall of those memories after awakening. The replay of select auditory cues during sleep, which is known to bias memory formation, will allow us to hone in on and examine the neural dynamics associated with those particular moments in time. We will examine how the local spindle neural dynamics that immediately follow cue presentation relate to improvement on the task. The use of intracranial data will allow us not only to detect local spindles, but also to relate them to activity in deep brain structures like the hippocampus, which is thought to play a critical role in sleep-mediated memory consolidation. Aim 2 will employ the same procedure as in Aim 1, but using a declarative memory task in which subjects are asked to recall the locations of various objects presented on a computer screen. Success in our aims will provide a detailed understanding of how local spindle dynamics contribute to both declarative and procedural memory consolidation and inform the broader effort to understand how oscillatory activity during sleep consolidates memories. This work will also support the identification of effective sleep interventions for memory improvement in health and disease.