Intergenerational impact of maternal trauma history on preschoolers' behavioral health outcomes: Assessing links with caregiving sensitivity and DNA methylation

项目摘要 背景：本研究旨在更好地了解母亲创伤史作为行为健康的驱动因素 4岁儿童的问题。我们将在四个时间段内研究产妇创伤的影响1） 母亲在儿童时期（母亲< 18岁）的孕前虐待经历，2）母亲的经历 3）母亲在怀孕期间遭受虐待的经历，以及4）母亲在怀孕期间遭受虐待的经历。 报告产后（分娩后至评估时）虐待其子女的行为问题 （内化和外化行为）。在代际关系中使用生命过程理论方法 在这种情况下，我们将测试三个模型，以确定是否产妇创伤的影响1）取决于时间 （敏感期模型）;或2）最接近儿童结局时最强 检查（近因模型）;或3）增加与曝光的数量（积累模型）。主 这项研究的目的是通过检查母亲和母亲之间的联系， 创伤史与儿童唾液DNA甲基化（DNAm）谱。最后，我们将测试 母亲创伤史对儿童健康结果的影响是由儿童唾液DNAm谱介导的 和母性的过度敏感。研究设计：基于现有的前瞻性纵向队列， 在怀孕前三个月招募的秘鲁妇女，作为先前由国家人口与发展中心资助的 格兰特（n = 4，472活产），该研究有良好的特征数据，产妇创伤史，产妇寿命 精神病理学和大量关于出生结果的数据。这个样本有很高的儿童患病率 虐待、亲密伴侣暴力和其他创伤（88%的人报告至少有一次创伤，30%的人报告3次创伤） 或更多创伤），和精神病理学（例如，33%的PTSD，26%的抑郁症和33%的广泛性焦虑）。我们 将收集一组母子二人组的随访数据（n= 1，700）。影响：通过检查可修改的 风险（母亲创伤史）和保护因素（母亲对创伤的敏感性），特别是在敏感的 通过确定这些因素是否以及如何影响生物系统， 这项研究可以为未来的研究和干预措施提供信息，以解决重大的代际公共卫生问题。 创伤的负担。

PROJECT SUMMARY Background: This study seeks to better understand maternal trauma history as a driver of behavior health problems in 4-year-old children. We will examine the impact of maternal trauma across four time periods 1) maternal experience of pre-pregnancy abuse in childhood (when mothers < 18 years), 2) maternal experience of pre-pregnancy of abuse in adulthood, 3) maternal experience of abuse during pregnancy, and 4) maternal report of postnatal abuse (after childbirth to time of assessment) on their children’s behavioral problems (internalizing and externalizing behaviors). Using a lifecourse theory approach within an intergenerational context, we will test three models to determine whether the effect of maternal trauma 1) depends on the timing of exposure (Sensitive Period model); or 2) is strongest when it is most proximal to the child outcome examined (Recency model); or 3) increases with the number of exposures (Accumulation model). A primary study aim is to investigate how “experience gets under the skin” by examining associations between maternal trauma history with children’s salivary DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles. Finally, we will test whether the effects of maternal trauma history on child health outcomes are mediated by children’s salivary DNAm profiles and maternal caregiving sensitivity. Study Design: Building on an existing prospective longitudinal cohort of Peruvian women, recruited in the first trimester of pregnancy, established as part of a prior NICHD-funded grant (n = 4,472 live births), the study has well-characterized data on maternal trauma history, maternal lifetime psychopathology, and extensive data on birth outcomes. This sample has a high prevalence of childhood maltreatment, intimate partner violence, and other traumas (88% report at least one trauma and 30% report 3 or more traumas), and psychopathology (e.g., 33% PTSD, 26% depression, and 33% generalized anxiety). We will collect follow-up data on a subset of mother-child dyads (n=1,700). Implications: By examining modifiable risk (maternal trauma history) and protective factors (maternal caregiving sensitivity), particularly in sensitive periods of development, and by determining whether and how these factors impact biological systems, this study can inform future research and interventions to address the significant intergenerational public health burden of trauma.