Demographic Patterns of Eugenic Sterilization in Five U.S. States: Mixed Methods Investigation of Reproductive Control of the 'Unfit'

美国五个州优生绝育的人口统计模式：“不健康者”生殖控制的混合方法调查

• 批准号: 10463757
• 负责人: Nicole Louise Novak
• 金额: $ 8.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-21 至 2022-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10463757
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Asian; Atrocities; Awareness; Big Data; California; Categories; Censuses; Chronology; Coercion; Complement; Complex; Computer software; Consent; Consent Forms; Data; Data Set; Data Sources; Dependence; Diagnosis; Disabled Persons; Epidemiology; Ethics; Ethnic Origin; Eugenics; Family; Gender; General Practitioners; Genetic; Genetic Determinism; Genetic study; Genomics; Geographic state; Geography; Grant; Heredity; Human; Immigrant; Indiana; Individual; Intelligence; Investigation; Iowa; Knowledge; Latina; Law Enforcement; Laws; Legal; Light; Methodology; Methods; Michigan; Modeling; National Human Genome Research Institute; Nationalities; Native Americans; Newspapers; North Carolina; Patients; Pattern; Persons; Policies; Population; Population Group; Process; Recording of previous events; Records; Religion and Spirituality; Reproduction; Reproductive Health; Research; Research Personnel; Social status; Sorting - Cell Movement; Specialist; Sterilization; Strategic vision; Subgroup; Text; Time; United States; Utah; Woman; Work; analytical method; base; biobehavior; black women; deprivation; design; disability; ethical legal social implication; experience; fitness; genetic association; genetic discrimination; genetic variant; health inequalities; human genomics; innovation; interest; men; optical character recognition; people of color; population based; programs; reproductive; residence; social; trait; welfare; women of color

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT From the passage of the first US state sterilization law in Indiana in 1907 until the 1970s, approximately 60,000 people were sterilized based on eugenic criteria designed to limit the reproduction of the “unfit”. The study team’s extended analyses of 31,000 sterilization records in four states (California, North Carolina, Iowa, and Michigan) have shed new light on the scope and impact of state eugenics laws, underscoring their discriminatory effects on Latina/o men and women, Asian immigrants, Black women, Native Americans, young people, and people deemed “feebleminded”. The investigators have developed robust mixed-methods analytic processes to merge rigorous quantitative methods with in-depth qualitative analyses to underscore the unique lived experiences of the thousands of people affected by these policies, especially with regard to coercion in the legal and consent processes employed by each state. This proposed renewal application extends ongoing epidemiologic and historical analysis of eugenic sterilization data, focusing on differences in the application of eugenic sterilization laws across states, and changes over time in the population groups most affected by sterilization. The investigators will add data on over 700 people considered for eugenic sterilization in Utah, making the project more regionally representative and expanding the dataset to include information on over 32,000 people in five states. The investigators will continue to describe patterns of sterilization in five states according to gender, age, ethnicity, nationality, diagnosis, consent process, time period and geography. They use population denominators derived from US Census data to estimate population-based sterilization rates to formally compare demographic patterns in sterilization across states and over time. The investigators will also continue to innovate mixed-methods approaches to generate a richer understanding of the experiences of 32,000 people sterilized during the eugenics era. The proposed project intersects with numerous ethical, legal, and social issues in human genomics, providing new scholarly knowledge about the ways in which a particular variant of genetic determinism resulted in the widespread state-mandated deprivation of reproductive capacity. It aligns with key portions of NHGRI’s Strategic Vision, including understanding the implications of applying genomics in non-medical realms such as law enforcement, and the implications of studying genetic associations with bio-behavioral traits such as intelligence or social status. The unique quantitative and qualitative data sources present opportunities to build an extended chronological understanding of the transmutation of eugenic ideas throughout the 20th century.

项目总结/文摘