Euclid Legacy Science Advanced analysis tools

欧几里得是欧空局于2023年7月发射的太空望远镜，旨在了解暗能量和暗物质的本质。为了实现这一目标，欧几里得将用高分辨率成像和光谱学观测超过三分之一的天空，这将在未来几十年内建立银河系外天球的参考地图。产生的巨大档案将是研究宇宙年龄的星系形成和生长历史的金矿，推动回答许多关于星系和超大质量黑洞共同进化的基本科学问题，恒星，气体和星系核之间的相互作用在宇宙中午，并擅长发现包括引力透镜在内的稀有物体。然而，最丰富的金矿脉也是最难开采的：为欧几里得的初级科学开发的工具将不足以为天文学界打开丰富的遗产。因此，我们建议艾尔莎探索新的方法，并创建尖端的管道，工具和算法。我们雄心勃勃的目标是将光谱分析的边界推向极限，揭示即使是欧几里得测量的最微弱和最稀有的星系的隐藏细节。我们将利用最先进的机器学习来有效地处理高维数据，并揭示它们编码的底层物理过程。这将需要专门的计算资源和高度积极的研究人员精通最先进的技术，这将与我们的团队在星系演化领域的领先专家，揭示宝藏保存在欧几里得金库。我们的机器学习将得到公民科学的补充，极大地扩展了艾尔莎的影响范围。艾尔莎将是一个知识和先进工具的熔炉，这些知识和工具将不局限于我们团队的边界，而是与整个科学界和其他领域分享，以促进新项目和意外发现。

Euclid is an ESA space telescope launching in July 2023, designed to understand the nature of dark energy and dark matter. To achieve this, Euclid will observe over a third of the sky with high resolution imaging and spectroscopy, which will establish “the” reference map of the extra-galactic celestial sphere for decades to come. The giant archive produced will be a goldmine to study the history of the formation and growth of galaxies over the age of the Universe, driving answers to many fundamental science questions on the co evolution of galaxies and supermassive black holes, the interaction between stars, gas, and galactic nuclei in galaxies at cosmic noon, and excelling in the discovery of rare objects including gravitational lenses. However, the richest gold veins are also the most difficult to exploit: the tools developed for Euclid’s primary science will not be enough to open the rich legacy for the astronomical community. We therefore propose ELSA to explore new methodologies and create cutting-edge pipelines, tools and algorithms. Our ambitious goal is to push the boundaries of spectroscopic analysis to the limits, uncovering hidden details of even the faintest and rarest galaxies measured by Euclid. We will leverage state of the art machine learning to efficiently handle the high-dimensional data and reveal the underlying physical processes they encode. This will need dedicated computing resources and highly motivated researchers versed in the most advanced techniques, that will work with our team of leading experts in the field of galaxy evolution to reveal the treasures preserved in the Euclid vault. Our machine learning will be supplemented by citizen science, enormously extending the reach of ELSA’s impact. ELSA will be a forge of knowledge and advanced tools that will not be confined within the boundaries of our teams, but shared with the whole scientific community and beyond to foster new projects and unforeseen discoveries.