Pesticide exposures, mental health and endocrine disruption among children growing up near pesticide spray sites.

在农药喷洒点附近长大的儿童的农药接触、心理健康和内分泌紊乱。

• 批准号: 10482338
• 负责人: Georgia L. Kayser
• 金额: $ 16.32万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-21 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10482338
• 关键词: 6 year old; Acetylcholine; Acetylcholinesterase; Address; Adolescent; Adrenal hormone preparation; Affect; Aftercare; Agriculture; Americas; Anxiety; Area; Attention; Attentional deficit; Australia; Award; Behavior; Biological; Biological Markers; Biological Monitoring; Biometry; Blood; California; Child; Child Development; Child Welfare; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Chronic; Complex; Data; Diet; Ecuador; Endocrine Disruptors; Endocrine disruption; Environmental Health; Environmental Pollution; Estradiol; Etiology; Exposure to; Family Practice; Funding; Goals; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Health; Hormones; Household; Hydrocortisone; Insecticides; Institution; Intervention; Irrigation; Language; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediation; Memory; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methodology; Modeling; Modification; Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Nicotinic Receptors; Occupational Exposure; Organophosphates; Outcome; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Performance; Pesticides; Physiological Processes; Physiology; Pilot Projects; Prevention; Production; Public Health; Quality of life; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Risk; Schools; Site; Source; Students; Surface; Surveys; Techniques; Testing; Testosterone; Time; Toxic effect; Training; Training Activity; United States; Universities; Visuospatial; Water; Water Pollution; Work; agricultural community; career; career development; cohort; dehydroepiandrosterone; drinking; drinking water; executive function; exposure pathway; field study; follow-up; health assessment; improved; medical schools; neurobehavior; neurobehavioral; neurotoxicity; novel; pesticide exposure; professor; prospective; school health; sex; skills; spatiotemporal; therapy design; urinary

Pesticides pose a public health risk to children living in agricultural communities. Children are particularly vulnerable to the chronic effects of environmental contaminants such as insecticides, due to their size, physiology and behavior. Worldwide, the two most widely used classes of insecticides are cholinesterase inhibitors (organophosphates) and neonicotinoids. While some of the risks of organophosphates are known, to date, there are no longitudinal studies of neurobehavioral or mental health outcomes in adolescents related to spatial patterns of exposure to organophosphates and neonicotinoids. There is also no known research on the associated neurobehavioral health alterations from neonicotinoid exposures in drinking or irrigation water. The proposed study will leverage the parent, NIEHS-funded, longitudinal study of Secondary Pesticide Exposures among Children and Adolescents (ESPINA), that examined 313 children (4-6 years old) in 2008, who live near one of the highest concentrations of floriculture in the Americas, 535 adolescents in 2016, and is planning for a subsequent examination in 2020. The proposed K01 will integrate biological monitoring, household survey, and neurobehavioral examination data and utilize geospatial models and complex statistical techniques to: (1) disentangle pathways of pesticide exposure, (2) study the geospatial determinants of neurobehavioral performance (attention, memory, language, sensorimotor and visuospatial) and outcomes (anxiety and depression) in children and adolescents from pesticide exposure, (3) test pesticide exposure in drinking water and irrigation sources in proximity to floriculture. This is an application for a NIEHS Transition to Independent Environmental Health Research (TIEHR) Career Award for Dr. Georgia Kayser, an early career Environmental Health Assistant Professor in the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health in the School of Medicine at the University of California, San Diego. Dr. Kayser aims to establish herself as an independent environmental health investigator in the areas of pesticide exposure in children and adolescents and associated neurobehavioral outcomes and expand her water and health research to include pesticides in drinking and irrigation water. The award will provide Dr. Kayser with the support to achieve her career development goals: (1) to develop advanced methodological skills in biostatistics and geospatial analysis; (2) to advance training on child development and the interpretation and analysis of neurobehavioral assessment; (3) to acquire skills in spatiotemporal analysis of pesticide exposure data and neurobehavioral outcomes, (4) identify points of intervention and prevention to reduce pesticide exposure in children living in agricultural areas, (5) gain independence. The research and training activities outlined here will generate new research to inform the design of an intervention to be evaluated in an R01, and the application will be completed in year three of this award. This award will also build a strong research network between the United States (USCD) and Ecuador (USFQ).

农药对生活在农业社区的儿童构成公共卫生风险。孩子们特别 由于其大小、生理特性，容易受到杀虫剂等环境污染物的长期影响 和行为。在世界范围内，最广泛使用的两类杀虫剂是胆碱酯酶抑制剂 （有机磷酸酯）和新烟碱类杀虫剂。虽然有机磷酸酯的一些风险是已知的，但迄今为止， 没有针对与空间相关的青少年神经行为或心理健康结果的纵向研究 接触有机磷酸酯和新烟碱类杀虫剂的模式。也没有已知的研究 饮用水或灌溉水中接触新烟碱类药物引起的相关神经行为健康改变。这 拟议的研究将利用由 NIEHS 资助的母公司对二次农药暴露的纵向研究 儿童和青少年 (ESPINA) 于 2008 年对住在附近的 313 名儿童（4-6 岁）进行了检查 美洲花卉栽培最集中的地区之一，2016 年有 535 名青少年，并且正在计划 2020年进行后续审查。拟议的K01将整合生物监测、入户调查和 神经行为检查数据并利用地理空间模型和复杂的统计技术来：(1) 理清农药暴露途径，(2) 研究神经行为的地理空间决定因素 表现（注意力、记忆力、语言、感觉运动和视觉空间）和结果（焦虑和 抑郁症）导致儿童和青少年因接触农药而罹患抑郁症，（3）测试饮用水中的农药接触情况 以及靠近花卉栽培的灌溉资源。这是 NIEHS 过渡到独立的申请 环境健康研究 (TIEHR) 职业奖颁发给乔治亚·凯瑟 (Georgia Kayser) 博士，她是一名早期职业环保人士 医学院家庭医学和公共卫生系健康助理教授 加州大学圣地亚哥分校。 Kayser 博士的目标是让自己成为一个独立的环保人士 儿童和青少年农药接触及相关领域的健康调查员 神经行为结果，并扩大她的水和健康研究，将农药纳入饮用水和 灌溉水。该奖项将为 Kayser 博士实现其职业发展目标提供支持：(1) 发展生物统计学和地理空间分析方面的先进方法技能； （二）加强培训 儿童发展以及神经行为评估的解释和分析； (3) 获得技能 农药暴露数据和神经行为结果的时空分析，（4）确定要点 减少农业地区儿童农药接触的干预和预防，(5) 收益 独立。这里概述的研究和培训活动将产生新的研究来为设计提供信息 的干预措施将在 R01 中进行评估，申请将在该奖项的第三年完成。 该奖项还将在美国 (USCD) 和厄瓜多尔 (USFQ) 之间建立强大的研究网络。