Pesticide exposures, mental health and endocrine disruption among children growing up near pesticide spray sites.

农药对生活在农业社区的儿童构成公共卫生风险。儿童特别 由于它们的大小、生理特性和生物学特性，容易受到环境污染物如杀虫剂的慢性影响， 和行为。在世界范围内，两类最广泛使用的杀虫剂是胆碱酯酶抑制剂 （有机磷酸酯）和类烟碱。虽然已知有机磷的一些风险，但迄今为止， 没有关于青少年神经行为或心理健康结果的纵向研究与空间相关， 暴露于有机磷和类烟碱的模式。也没有已知的研究， 与饮用水或灌溉水中的类烟碱暴露相关的神经行为健康改变。的 拟议的研究将利用母公司，NIEHS资助的，二次农药暴露的纵向研究 2008年，在儿童和青少年中开展了一项名为ESPINA的研究，对313名儿童（4-6岁）进行了调查，这些儿童居住在 美洲花卉种植最集中的地区之一，2016年有535名青少年， 2020年的后续检查。拟议的K 01将整合生物监测、住户调查和 神经行为检查数据，并利用地理空间模型和复杂的统计技术：（1） 解开农药暴露的途径，（2）研究神经行为的地理空间决定因素 表现（注意力、记忆力、语言、感觉运动和视觉空间）和结果（焦虑和 抑郁症）的儿童和青少年从农药暴露，（3）测试农药暴露在饮用水 和灌溉水源。这是一个申请NIEHS过渡到独立 环境健康研究（TIEHR）职业奖授予格鲁吉亚凯泽博士，一个早期的职业环境 香港大学医学院家庭医学及公共卫生系助理教授 位于圣地亚哥的加州大学。凯泽博士的目标是建立自己作为一个独立的环境 儿童和青少年接触农药领域的健康调查员， 神经行为的结果，并扩大她的水和健康研究，包括农药在饮用水和 灌溉水。该奖项将为Kayser博士提供支持，以实现她的职业发展目标：（1） 发展生物统计和地理空间分析方面的先进方法技能;（2）推进以下方面的培训 儿童发展和神经行为评估的解释和分析;（3）获得技能， 农药暴露数据和神经行为结果的时空分析，（4）识别 采取干预和预防措施，减少生活在农业地区的儿童接触农药，（5） 独立这里概述的研究和培训活动将产生新的研究，为设计提供信息 在R 01中进行评估，申请将在该奖项的第三年完成。 该奖项还将在美国（USCD）和厄瓜多尔（USFQ）之间建立强大的研究网络。

Pesticides pose a public health risk to children living in agricultural communities. Children are particularly vulnerable to the chronic effects of environmental contaminants such as insecticides, due to their size, physiology and behavior. Worldwide, the two most widely used classes of insecticides are cholinesterase inhibitors (organophosphates) and neonicotinoids. While some of the risks of organophosphates are known, to date, there are no longitudinal studies of neurobehavioral or mental health outcomes in adolescents related to spatial patterns of exposure to organophosphates and neonicotinoids. There is also no known research on the associated neurobehavioral health alterations from neonicotinoid exposures in drinking or irrigation water. The proposed study will leverage the parent, NIEHS-funded, longitudinal study of Secondary Pesticide Exposures among Children and Adolescents (ESPINA), that examined 313 children (4-6 years old) in 2008, who live near one of the highest concentrations of floriculture in the Americas, 535 adolescents in 2016, and is planning for a subsequent examination in 2020. The proposed K01 will integrate biological monitoring, household survey, and neurobehavioral examination data and utilize geospatial models and complex statistical techniques to: (1) disentangle pathways of pesticide exposure, (2) study the geospatial determinants of neurobehavioral performance (attention, memory, language, sensorimotor and visuospatial) and outcomes (anxiety and depression) in children and adolescents from pesticide exposure, (3) test pesticide exposure in drinking water and irrigation sources in proximity to floriculture. This is an application for a NIEHS Transition to Independent Environmental Health Research (TIEHR) Career Award for Dr. Georgia Kayser, an early career Environmental Health Assistant Professor in the Department of Family Medicine and Public Health in the School of Medicine at the University of California, San Diego. Dr. Kayser aims to establish herself as an independent environmental health investigator in the areas of pesticide exposure in children and adolescents and associated neurobehavioral outcomes and expand her water and health research to include pesticides in drinking and irrigation water. The award will provide Dr. Kayser with the support to achieve her career development goals: (1) to develop advanced methodological skills in biostatistics and geospatial analysis; (2) to advance training on child development and the interpretation and analysis of neurobehavioral assessment; (3) to acquire skills in spatiotemporal analysis of pesticide exposure data and neurobehavioral outcomes, (4) identify points of intervention and prevention to reduce pesticide exposure in children living in agricultural areas, (5) gain independence. The research and training activities outlined here will generate new research to inform the design of an intervention to be evaluated in an R01, and the application will be completed in year three of this award. This award will also build a strong research network between the United States (USCD) and Ecuador (USFQ).