A Proactive Approach to the Recovery and Recycling of Photovoltaic Modules (APOLLO)

积极主动地回收和再循环光伏组件 (APOLLO)

• 批准号: 10102451
• 金额: $ 57.3万
• 依托单位: SWANSEA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: EU-Funded
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=10102451
• 关键词: Proactive; Approach; Recovery; Recycling; Photovoltaic

Current recycling practices for Photovoltaic (PV) waste modules are unrefined and recover low volume and low value materials. To be economical and sustainable the recycling of PV waste needs to efficiently recover all of the material constituents at a quality suitable for the reuse in new PVs, with minimal impact. APOLLO will create a circular approach to link legacy recycling, future production and future recycling. A pilot line will be demonstrated and used to process an input of 40 tonnes of PV waste which will be recycled, resulting in enough reclaimed materials for 1 tonne of remanufactured silicon and 30 exemplar PV modules. Incoming modules will be streamed by glass composition, enabling batch recovery of high-quality glass, to be used for new solar-grade glass. A novel continuous ‘sonification’ technique, (ultrasonically excited etchant) will rapidly separate silicon, silver, copper and other metals in a sequence along a pipe-based process. Used liquid etchants will be recycled in a closed loop resulting in low waste, small footprint. Further, recovered silicon will be refined to a purity suitable for new PV-grade ingot growth. The objective isto deliver purified silicon with a minimum purity of 99.9999%. Multiple innovations increase the percentage weight recovery from 18% to 93%. APOLLO will prove the suitability of the recycled silicon by growing new ingots, manufacturing solar cells and then new PV modules. 20 PERC-based modules, 10 Tandem modules and 30sqm of single junction perovskite cells will be made. These modules will incorporate new designs, materials and manufacturing methods, and be designed for disassembly and recycling. Blockchain-based Digital Product Passports (DPPs) for PV will be designed and implemented as well as an online marketplace for reused, remanufactured and/or recycled PV components. DPPs provide secure and trustworthy data for the life of the product and aid recycling by supplying material, hazards and history on request.

光伏（PV）废物模块的当前回收实践是未精制的，并且恢复了低体积和低价值材料。要经济和可持续性，光伏废物的回收需要有效地恢复所有由适合新PV中重用的质量组成的所有材料，并且影响很小。 Apollo将创建一种循环方法来链接遗产回收，未来的生产和未来的回收。将展示一条试点线，并用于处理40吨光伏废物的输入，该输入将被回收，从而为1吨再制造硅和30个典范PV模块提供足够的回收材料。传入的模块将通过玻璃成分流式传输，使高质量玻璃的批次回收可用于新的太阳能玻璃。一种新型的连续“超声”技术（超声激发蚀刻）将沿基于管道的过程迅速将硅，银，铜和其他金属分离。用过的液体蚀刻将在闭环中回收，从而导致浪费低，占地面积小。此外，回收的硅将被完善，以适合新的PV级铸脏生长。目的是提供纯净的硅，最小纯度为99.9999％。多次创新将重量恢复百分比从18％增加到93％。阿波罗将通过种植新的铸币，制造太阳能电池和新的PV模块来证明再生硅的适用性。将制作20个基于PERC的模块，10个串联模块和30平方米的单个连接钙钛矿细胞。这些模块将结合新的设计，材料和制造方法，并设计用于拆卸和回收。将设计和实施基于区块链的数字产品护照（DPP），以及用于重新使用，再制造和/或再生的PV组件的在线市场。 DPP通过要求提供材料，危害和历史记录，为产品的寿命提供安全且值得信赖的数据。