Using Artificial Intelligence and Distributed Ledger Technology with ISO 8000 Authoritative Identifiers and product data to address international trade and counterfeiting challenges

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"When any UK business imports or exports goods, it is a requirement to identify the applicable tariff codes so that the correct amount of duty can be collected. Failure to use the correct codes results in import delays, greater administration and possibly lower duties being collected.The future requires stronger but frictionless land, sea and air border controls based on access to trusted and authoritative data about vehicles, ships, aircraft and their cargoes. Twenty-six different government organisations have an interest in the operation of the border. Assigning the correct tariff codes will become ever more important. The National Audit Office (NAO) predicts Brexit will result in a five-fold increase in customs transactions; 130,000 UK businesses will be drawn into new border control processes.The HMRC has an online look up and email service to help users identify their correct tariff classifications. Users have expressed concerns regarding possible increased classification errors resulting in import/export delays.Counterfeiting of products is a global challenge. The International Chamber of Commerce estimated up to 2.6 million jobs were lost globally due to counterfeiting in 2013\. EUROPOL estimate counterfeiting impacted 5% of EU imports in 2013, valued at approximately $85 million. Products infringing intellectual property rights (IPR) now originate from virtually all geographical areas and economies globally, constituting up to 2.5% of all global trade, worth up to $461 billion in 2013\.This R&D project will use Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain technology and ISO 8000 compliant digital data to automate tariff classification and ensure all parties have an authoritative trusted source of data. Resolvable identifiers for product data will follow the physical products through the supply chain using resolvable Authoritative Legal Entity Identifiers to help eliminate counterfeiting. This R&D project will extend an existing software system from KOIOS that currently enables businesses to create ISO 8000 product specifications.The technology will provide:* Automated mapping of tariff codes;* Data provenance - verifying data history through its life cycle;* Pre-notification of goods adding an additional intelligence layer for HMRC;* Creation of a risk ranking for trusted traders and routes;* Efficient targeting of HMRC resource to consignments that pose increased risk;* Supply chain security using smart contracts;* Reduction in IPR fraud in the fast growing digital economy;* Increased productivity for all parties.The technology will benefit:* Importers;* Exporters;* Manufacturers and Producers;* Customs and Shipping Agents* Freight Forwarders* HMRC* Regulated sectors - such as Aerospace, Nuclear and Oil & Gas"