Using Artificial Intelligence and Distributed Ledger Technology with ISO 8000 Authoritative Identifiers and product data to address international trade and counterfeiting challenges

“当任何英国企业进口或出口货物时，都必须确定适用的关税代码，以便收取正确的关税金额。”没有使用正确的代码会导致进口延误，增加管理，并可能降低征收的关税。未来需要更强大但无摩擦的陆海空边境管控，其基础是获取有关车辆、船舶、飞机及其货物的可信和权威数据。26个不同的政府组织对边境的运作感兴趣。分配正确的关税代码将变得越来越重要。国家审计署（NAO）预测，英国脱欧将导致海关交易增加五倍；13万家英国企业将被纳入新的边境控制程序。英国税务海关总署有一个在线查询和电子邮件服务，帮助用户确定正确的关税分类。用户对分类错误可能增加导致进出口延误表示关切。假冒产品是一个全球性的挑战。国际商会（International Chamber of Commerce）估计，2013年全球有多达260万个工作岗位因假冒而流失。欧洲刑警组织估计，2013年假货影响了欧盟5%的进口，价值约8500万美元。侵犯知识产权的产品现在几乎来自全球所有地理区域和经济体，占全球贸易总额的2.5%，2013年价值高达4610亿美元。该研发项目将使用人工智能、区块链技术和符合ISO 8000标准的数字数据来自动化关税分类，并确保各方拥有权威可信的数据来源。可解析的产品数据标识符将通过供应链跟踪实体产品，使用可解析的权威法律实体标识符来帮助消除假冒。该研发项目将扩展KOIOS现有的软件系统，该系统目前使企业能够创建ISO 8000产品规格。该技术将提供：*自动绘制税则号；*数据来源-通过其生命周期验证数据历史；*预先通知货物，为HMRC增加额外的情报层；*为受信任的贸易商和路线建立风险排名；*有效地将HMRC资源用于风险增加的货物；*使用智能合约保障供应链安全；*在快速发展的数字经济中减少知识产权欺诈；*提高了各方的生产力。该技术将受益：*进口商；*出口商;*制造商和生产商；*海关和航运代理*货运代理*英国税务海关总署*受管制部门-如航空航天，核能和石油和天然气”

"When any UK business imports or exports goods, it is a requirement to identify the applicable tariff codes so that the correct amount of duty can be collected. Failure to use the correct codes results in import delays, greater administration and possibly lower duties being collected.The future requires stronger but frictionless land, sea and air border controls based on access to trusted and authoritative data about vehicles, ships, aircraft and their cargoes. Twenty-six different government organisations have an interest in the operation of the border. Assigning the correct tariff codes will become ever more important. The National Audit Office (NAO) predicts Brexit will result in a five-fold increase in customs transactions; 130,000 UK businesses will be drawn into new border control processes.The HMRC has an online look up and email service to help users identify their correct tariff classifications. Users have expressed concerns regarding possible increased classification errors resulting in import/export delays.Counterfeiting of products is a global challenge. The International Chamber of Commerce estimated up to 2.6 million jobs were lost globally due to counterfeiting in 2013\. EUROPOL estimate counterfeiting impacted 5% of EU imports in 2013, valued at approximately $85 million. Products infringing intellectual property rights (IPR) now originate from virtually all geographical areas and economies globally, constituting up to 2.5% of all global trade, worth up to $461 billion in 2013\.This R&D project will use Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain technology and ISO 8000 compliant digital data to automate tariff classification and ensure all parties have an authoritative trusted source of data. Resolvable identifiers for product data will follow the physical products through the supply chain using resolvable Authoritative Legal Entity Identifiers to help eliminate counterfeiting. This R&D project will extend an existing software system from KOIOS that currently enables businesses to create ISO 8000 product specifications.The technology will provide:* Automated mapping of tariff codes;* Data provenance - verifying data history through its life cycle;* Pre-notification of goods adding an additional intelligence layer for HMRC;* Creation of a risk ranking for trusted traders and routes;* Efficient targeting of HMRC resource to consignments that pose increased risk;* Supply chain security using smart contracts;* Reduction in IPR fraud in the fast growing digital economy;* Increased productivity for all parties.The technology will benefit:* Importers;* Exporters;* Manufacturers and Producers;* Customs and Shipping Agents* Freight Forwarders* HMRC* Regulated sectors - such as Aerospace, Nuclear and Oil & Gas"