Optical Stimulated Luminescence Detection of Beryllium within Nuclear Fusion Facilities (OSLB)

核聚变是地球未来能源供应的长期解决方案。它是无碳和高效的。然而，聚变反应堆的内部是一个无情的环境：部件暴露在高温下，高能氢离子和高动能电子以及14 MeV中子。金属表面在聚变反应堆中是必不可少的，铍（Be）是欧洲联合圆环（JET）中实施的候选物之一。其独特的低原子质量，低燃料保留和良好的机械性能的组合使其成为实验和商业聚变反应堆中第一壁（面向等离子体）材料的良好选择。然而，人体暴露于铍及其化合物会导致铍中毒，这是一种慢性过敏性肺部反应和慢性肺部疾病。在反应堆的运行寿命期间，需要定期拆除部分进行翻新或更换。由于粒子诱导溅射和再沉积，这些组件将变得具有放射性并被Be/BeO沉积物覆盖。这些沉积物可形成Be/BeO粉尘。因此，处理Be粉尘和被该粉尘污染的部件的能力对于聚变工厂的安全和有效操作是至关重要的。目前，在英国的JET工厂内，这个问题是通过个人清洁现场的所有表面来解决的。这是耗时的并且具有潜在的危险。目前还没有一种传感解决方案可以快速准确地识别给定设施内的Be/ BeO沉积物。开发的重点将是生产一种新的原型传感器和一个机器人平台，用于在环境中的目标上扫描仪器。该系统将考虑到在这种高辐射状态下工作所面临的挑战，将在实验室和代表性测试环境中针对目标样品对仪器进行测试。主要目的是证明该设备能够以所需的准确度检测沉积物，并将误报率降至最低，同时检查扫描样本区域的速度。此外，将使用Rad硬探测器和超低成本选项（相机可视为一次性使用）来设计辐射加固选项。

Public descriptionNuclear fusion is a long term solution to the future energy supply of the planet. It is carbon free and highly efficient. However, the inside of a fusion reactor is an unforgiving environment: components are exposed to high temperatures, energetic hydrogen ions and electrons with high kinetic energies, and 14 MeV neutrons. Metallic surfaces are essential in a fusion reactor, with beryllium (Be) one of the candidates implemented in the Joint European Torus (JET). Its unique combination of low atomic mass, low fuel retention and favourable mechanical properties make it a good choice as a first wall (plasma facing) material within experimental and commercial fusion reactors. However, human exposure to Be and its compounds can cause berylliosis, a chronic allergic-type lung response and chronic lung disease.During a reactor's operational lifetime, sections will need to be periodically removed for refurbishment or replacement. These components will become radioactive and covered in Be/BeO deposits due to particle induced sputtering and re-deposition. These deposits can form Be/BeO dust. Therefore, the ability to handle Be dust and components contaminated with this dust is essential to safe and efficient operation of a fusion plant. At present, within the UK based JET facility, this issue is addressed by personal cleaning all the surfaces of the site. This is time consuming and potentially hazardous. No sensing solution currently exists to quickly and accurately identify the Be/ BeO deposits within a given facility.This proposal seeks to develop a new sensing system target BeO deposits. The focus of the development will the production of a new prototype sensor and a robotic platform that will be used to scan the instrument at the target within the environment. The system will take in account the challenges for working in this high radiation regime.The instrument will be tested against target samples, both in the laboratory and a representative test environment. The key objective is to demonstrate that the unit can detect deposits at the required levels of accuracy with minimal false positive returns, as well as examining the speed at which an sample area can be scanned. In addition, designs will be produce for radiation hardened options using both Rad hard detector and ultra low cost options where the camera can be considered disposable.