VDT MOUSE DESIGN EFFECT ON CTD RISK AND USER SKILL

电子鼠标操作的生物力学要求可能存在风险 前臂和腕部累积性创伤障碍（CTD）的因素， 可能会限制技能的获得和最终技能熟练度， 高技能和新手鼠标用户。 无市售鼠标 消除了所有这些限制， 没有充分评估技能的获得，特别是在 肌肉骨骼系统 本研究的目的是：1）评估生物力学效应 2）设计一种替代鼠标， 降低前臂和手腕（CTD）的风险，并确定 小鼠设计的生物力学效应，以及3）确定 鼠标设计的技能获取和熟练程度。 假设是 测试如下：1）使用标准鼠标将与 固定腕伸展，固定腕尺偏，使用腕桡侧- 尺偏为鼠标操作，连续，次极量 前臂旋前肌和腕部的肌电图（EMG）活动 伸肌和尺骨偏肌; 2）新的鼠标设计将减少这些 生物力学的限制; 3）新手鼠标用户将展示一个 如图所示，新鼠标设计提高了技能获取率 随着时间的推移，技能水平、速度、准确性和运动能力的提高， 执行鼠标输入任务的协调模式;以及4） 无论是熟练的鼠标用户还是新手， 新的鼠标设计。 一百二十五熟练和新手职业鼠标用户将 在七周内测试了五次图形鼠标定位任务， 使用标准鼠标和为该项目设计的新鼠标。3D 前臂和手腕的运动学和EMG将在三个 那些探访 将使用双因素分层ANOVA比较 最终鼠标技能跨越用户技能类别和鼠标设计。 ANCOVA 将用于比较不同用户的鼠标技能提高率 技能类别和鼠标设计。 学生t检验将用于比较 鼠标使用所需的固定姿势和运动范围 设计 运动学和EMG模式将用于比较 跨技能类别和鼠标设计的运动协调模式。 这项研究将记录职业性CTD危险因素的程度， 鼠标用户 这将导致一种新的鼠标设计，以减少这些风险。 它将探讨鼠标使用的限制对 完成复杂的功能性任务。 它将调查 人体工程学解决方案的有效性，旨在平衡以下问题： 工人风险和熟练工人绩效的上限。 等 知识将促进在计算机化办公室预防CTD， 提高对限制技能的认识， 人机界面

The biomechanical requirements for electronic mouse operation may be risk factors for cumulative trauma disorder (CTD) of the forearm and wrist and may limit skill acquisition and ultimate skill proficiency among both highly skilled and novice mouse users. No commercially available mouse eliminates all of these constraints, and studies of mouse user proficiency have not adequately assessed skill acquisition, especially with respect to the musculoskeletal system. The objectives of this study are; 1) to evaluate the biomechanical effects of mouse use on the forearm and wrist, 2) to design an alternative mouse that reduces the risk of forearm and wrist (CTD and to determine the biomechanical effects of mouse design, and 3) to determine the effect of mouse design on skill acquisition and proficiency. The hypotheses to be tested are as follows: 1) use of a standard mouse will be associated with fixed wrist extension, fixed wrist ulnar deviation, use of wrist radial- ulnar deviation for mouse operation, and continuous, submaximal electromyographic (EMG) activity by the forearm pronators and wrist extensors and ulnar deviators; 2) the new mouse design will reduce these biomechanical constraints; 3)novice mouse users will demonstrate an increased rate of skill acquisition with the new mouse design as indicated by improvement over time in the skill level, speed, accuracy, and motor coordination pattern with which a mouse input task is performed; and 4) both highly skilled and novice mouse users will demonstrate better ultimate skill with the new mouse design. One-hundred twenty-five skilled and novice occupational mouse users will be tested five times over seven weeks on a graphical mouse targeting task using a standard mouse and a new mouse designed for this project. 3D kinematics and EMG of the forearm and wrist will be measured on three of the visits. A two factor hierarchical ANOVA will be used to compare ultimate mouse skill across user skill category and mouse design. ANCOVA will be used to compare the rates of mouse skill improvement across user skill category and mouse design. Student's t-tests will be used to compare the fixed postures and ranges of motion required for mouse use across mouse design. Kinematic and EMG patterns will be used to compare changes in motor coordination patterns across skill category and mouse design. The study will document the extent of CTD risk factors among occupational mouse users. It will result in a new mouse designed to reduce these risks. It will explore the impact of the constraints of mouse use on the acquisition of a complex functional task. it will investigate the effectiveness of an ergonomic solution intended to balance the problems of worker risk and the upper limits to skilled worker performance. Such knowledge will foster the prevention of CTD in computerized offices and enhance understanding of the limits to skill imposed by constraints in the human-machine interface.