ADOLESCENT HEALTH--ENVIRONMENTAL AND BIOLOGICAL MODELS

青少年健康调查的这个分包合同调查青少年 使用行为遗传学方法分离遗传和健康行为 环境影响。环境影响进一步分离 由共享环境引起的环境变化(例如 兄弟姐妹一样)和由非共享环境(例如，使 兄弟姐妹不同)。具体的、可测量的环境机制和 还将对流程进行调查。行为遗传样本由 同性血缘关系对；即同卵双胞胎，异卵双胞胎，同父异母 兄弟姐妹和无血缘关系的孩子一起抚养，以及所有三个人 生物完全兄弟姐妹的类别(M-M、F-F和F-M)。不包括 完全兄弟姐妹，这个样本的大小是每种类型500对(2,000 兄弟姐妹对或4,000个个体)。完全同级对的数量 每个类别将超过250对兄弟姐妹。据推测，有两个 与健康相关的措施，性经验和问题行为，将有 一个重要的共享环境变化组成部分。共同的差异 预计重叠同级组中的兄弟姐妹的组成部分将增加。 社区特征(例如，离婚率)预计会在 共同的环境对这些结果的影响。身体健康行为 预计是高度可遗传的，几乎没有共享的环境 差异。环境背景对青春期发育的影响 (贝尔斯基假说)将被评估。智商之间的协变，非智商 智力人格特征和青少年健康行为 分摊到合成方差分量。据推测， 遗传成分是这种协变的主要来源。

This subcontract of the Adolescent Health Survey investigates adolescent health behaviors using behavior genetic methods to separate genetic from environmental influences. Environmental influences are further separated into environmental variance caused by shared environment (e.g., makes siblings alike) and into that caused by nonshared environment (e.g., makes siblings different). Specific, measured environmental mechanisms and processes also will be investigated. The behavior genetic sample consists of same-sex kinship pairs; namely, identical twins, fraternal twins, half- siblings, and unrelated children reared together, and of all three categories (M-M, F-F, and F-M) of biological full siblings. Excluding full siblings, the size of this sample is 500 pairs of each type (2,000 sibling pairs or 4,000 individuals). The number of full sibling pairs will exceed 250 sibling pairs per category. It is hypothesized that two health-related measures, sexual experience and problem behavior, will have a substantial shared environmental variance component. The shared variance component is expected to increase for siblings in overlapping peer groups. community characteristics (e.g., % divorced) are expected to mediate the shared environmental effect on these outcomes. Physical health behaviors are expected to be highly heritable with little shared environmental variance. Environmental contextual effects on pubertal development (Belsky hypothesis) will be evaluated. Covariation among IQ, non- intellectual personality traits, and adolescent health behaviors will be apportioned to the composite variance components. It is hypothesized that the genetic component is a major source of this covariation.