THEORETICAL STUDIES IN ECOLOGICAL & POPULATION GENETICS

生态学理论研究

• 批准号: 2186000
• 负责人: Marjorie A. ASMUSSEN
• 金额: $ 6.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-01-01 至 1995-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2186000
• 关键词: animal ecology; animal population genetics; biochemical evolution; computer simulation; ecology; gene frequency; genetic models; genetics; human data; human ecology; human population genetics; mathematical model; natural selections; statistics /biometry

Recent experimental studies show that joint nuclear-cytoplasmic surveys allow unique inferences about many important evolutionary processes in human populations. This special utility derives from the fact that genes in the nucleus are inherited through both parents, while an individual's cytoplasmically-housed genes, such as those in their mitochondria, are usually inherited solely through the mother. As a result of this asymmetrical transmission, the joint nuclear-cytoplasmic makeup of a population provides a new way for detecting a zone of genetic or racial admixture between two populations, as well as qualitatively new information about such key questions as the patterns of mating, selection, and migration within such zones. The proposed research will develop the necessary theoretical and statistical frameworks for unlocking the novel information encoded by nuclear-cytoplasmic data within these and other important human genetic contexts. The practical utility of these new approaches will be demonstrated by applications to a variety of recent data sets from both human and model plant and animal systems. New frameworks also will be developed to delimit the evolutionary consequences of the recently discovered, joint nuclear- mitochondrial etiology of many human genetic diseases, with particular attention given to the fascinating findings that nuclear genes can induce mitochondrial mutations triggering disease onset. A parallel line of research will provide a conceptual framework for understanding the fundamental questions of how and why cytoplasmic inheritance patterns evolve through time. This seminal theoretical study is motivated by the growing number of cases in which mitochondrial and other cytoplasmically-based genes are inherited through the father or both parents, instead of solely through the mother. Moreover, the pattern of inheritance may evolve through time under the control of nuclear or cytoplasmic genes within the parents or progeny. These exciting new discoveries will form the basis of an extensive series of models designed to delimit the conditions favoring evolution among the three cytoplasmic inheritance patterns, and answer the intriguing question of why strict maternal transmission now seems to predominate in humans and other higher organisms.

最近的实验研究表明， 允许对许多重要的进化过程进行独特的推断， 人类种群。 这种特殊的效用来自于这样一个事实， 细胞核中的基因是通过父母双方遗传的，而个体的基因是通过父母双方遗传的。 细胞质中的基因，如线粒体中的基因， 通常只通过母亲遗传。 由于这种 不对称传递，联合核质组成的一个 人口提供了一种新的方法来检测遗传或种族的区域 两个种群之间的混合，以及新的质量 关于交配模式等关键问题的信息， 在这些区域内的选择和迁移。 拟议的研究将 建立必要的理论和统计框架， 解开由核质数据编码的新信息 在这些和其他重要的人类遗传背景下。 实际 这些新方法的实用性将通过应用程序来证明， 从人类和模式植物和动物的各种最新数据集 系统. 还将制定新的框架， 最近发现的，联合核- 许多人类遗传性疾病的线粒体病因学，特别是 注意到核基因可以诱导 线粒体突变引发疾病发作。 一个平行的研究路线将提供一个概念框架， 理解细胞质如何以及为什么 遗传模式会随着时间而演变 这项开创性的理论研究 是由于越来越多的案件，其中线粒体和 其他基于细胞质的基因通过父亲遗传， 父母双方，而不是仅仅通过母亲。 而且 遗传模式可能会随着时间的推移而演变， 亲本或后代中的细胞核或细胞质基因。 这些 令人兴奋的新发现将形成一系列广泛的基础， 模型旨在界定有利于进化的条件， 三种细胞质遗传模式，并回答了有趣的 为什么严格的母婴传播现在似乎占主导地位， 人类和其他高等生物。