CHILDREN AT RISK FOR ANXIETY DISORDERS

有相当多的证据表明，存在家庭因素， 焦虑症 家族史和家族研究表明 患者一级亲属中的发病率增加 焦虑症在同卵配对中比在异卵配对中更明显。 此外，患有焦虑症的成年患者经常 报告有童年焦虑问题。一种学习方法 这种家庭因素是采用高风险范例，其中那些 被认为有风险的人进行横断面研究和/或 纵向样式。 根据目前的数据，焦虑的后代 精神障碍患者必须被视为高危人群。 然而，迄今为止， 这方面的研究很少，特别是关于 环境因素的作用。 这项研究采用了一种交叉 横断面和纵向设计，以检查焦虑，心理社会 调整，自主反应模式，以挑战性的任务，和 在高风险样本中存在可诊断的焦虑症。 此外，拟议的研究将审查一些环境问题， 因素，以他们的作用，在高患病率的焦虑， 焦虑症患者的后代 拟议的研究将提供大量重要信息 关于行为、心理社会和心理生理 焦虑症患者的后代特征。 它将 还提供了关于父母可能发挥的作用的重要信息， 父母教养方式和家庭功能与焦虑的关系 在后代的行为。 最后，这项研究可以很好地揭示因素（或 与焦虑倾向有关的因素，或 容易焦虑 这些信息有可能发挥 在今后的幼儿预防工作中发挥关键作用。

There is considerable evidence for the existence of familial factors in the anxiety disorders. Family history and family studies indicate an increased morbidity rate among first degree relatives of patients with an anxiety disorders in monozygotic pairs than in dizygotic pairs. Furthermore, adult patients suffering from anxiety disorders frequently report experiencing childhood anxiety problems. One approach to studying this familial factor is to employ a high risk paradigm wherein those who are considered at risk are studied in a cross sectional and/or longitudinal fashion. Based on current data, the offspring of anxiety disorders patients must be considered a high risk group. Yet, to date there have been few studies in this area, particulary with respect to the role of environmental factors. The proposed study employs a cross sectional and longitudinal design to examine anxiety, psychosocial adjustment, autonomic response pattern to challenging tasks, and the presence of diagnosable anxiety disorders in a high risk sample. Moreover, the proposed study will examine a number of environmental factors as to their role in the high prevalence of anxiety in the offspring of anxiety patients. The proposed study will provide a wealth of important information regarding the behavioral, psychosocial, and psychophysiological characteristics of the offspring of anxiety disorders patients. It will also provide important information on the possible role of parental parenting practice and family functioning in the genesis of anxiety behavior in offspring. Finally, the study could well reveal factors (or combination of factors) which are related to anxiety-proneness or vulnerability to anxiety. This information has the potential of playing a critical role in future prevention efforts with young children.