HOMEMADE CEREAL-BASED ORAL REHYDRATION THERAPY

腹泻伴脱水是中国幼儿的常见病。 美国，占住院人数的10%以上，死亡人数500人 每年在五岁以下的儿童中。腹泻脱水是 早期适当使用口服药物可预防和治疗 补液疗法(ORT)，给药的平衡解决方案 葡萄糖或止血剂和电解质。市售口服补液剂 (ORS)经常被卫生专业人员推荐，并得到广泛的 在药店和一些杂货店都能买到。然而，他们的高 成本可能会成为贫困家庭使用它们的经济障碍， 他们的孩子最有可能患上致命性腹泻脱水。 该建议通过评估安全性和安全性来解决此问题 国产谷类口服补充剂(C-ORS)在对照研究中的效果 实验性的时尚。C-ORS通常可以由原料制备 在家中发现，比基于糖的ORS更安全，并提供 减少音量、频率和持续时间的其他优势 拉肚子。目前还没有关于安全和 国产C-ORS在美国的有效性。这项研究将招募 4-36个月大的儿童在儿科急诊室就诊 波士顿市立医院儿科初级保健诊所 波士顿儿童医院，患有急性腹泻。病人将会是 随机分配到三个治疗组之一：透析液，自制 C-ORS，或从含有预先测量的谷物的包装中制备的C-ORS 还有电解液。研究将对患者进行跟踪并收集数据 每天上门看望的护士，直到疾病痊愈。 治疗失败、腹泻持续时间和频率--血清 电解质和体重增加将构成主要的结果变量。 自制的C-ORS样品也将被获取并进行钠含量测试 内容。如果实验中的C-ORS被发现是安全有效的， 儿童保健提供者可以选择它作为一种低成本的替代方案 商业ORS，在适当的监督下，可以推荐给 否则，可能会发现ORT费用高得令人望而却步的家庭。

Diarrhea with dehydration is a common illness among young children in the United States, accounting for over 10% of hospitalizations and 500 deaths per year among children under age five years. Diarrheal dehydration is preventable and treatable with the early and appropriate use of oral rehydration therapy (ORT), the administration of a balanced solution of glucose or stanch and electrolytes. Commercial oral rehydration solutions (ORS) are frequently recommended by health professionals and are widely available in pharmacies and some grocery stores. However, their high cost may serve as an economic barrier to their use by poor families, whose children are most likely to suffer fatal diarrheal dehydration. This proposal addresses this problem by evaluating the safety and effectiveness of homemade cereal--based ORS (C-ORS) in a controlled experimental fashion. C-ORS can be prepared from ingredients commonly found in the home, more safely than sugar-based ORS, and offers the additional advantage of reducing the volume, frequency, and duration of diarrhea. Currently there are no data available on the safety and effectiveness of homemade C-ORS in the U.S. This study will recruit children aged 4-36 months presenting in the Pediatric Emergency Department or Pediatric Primary Care Clinic of Boston City Hospital and Children's Hospital, Boston, with acute diarrhea. Patients will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: Pedialyte, homemade C--ORS, or C-ORS prepared from a packet containing pre-measured cereal and electrolytes. Patients will be followed and data collected by study nurses who will visit the home daily until the illness resolves. Treatment failures, duration and frequency of diarrhea- serum electrolytes, and weight gain will constitute the main outcome variables. Samples of homemade C-ORS will also be obtained and assayed for sodium content. If the experimental C-ORS is found to be safe and effective, child health providers may choose it as a low-cost alternative to commercial ORS that, with proper supervision, may be recommended to families who may otherwise find the cost of ORT to be prohibitive.