CUE REACTIVITY IN COMORBID PTSD AND DRUG DEPENDENCE

描述（申请人摘要）： 创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的共病率非常高， 和物质使用障碍（SUD）需要进一步了解如何 PTSD的基本机制影响SUD的各个方面，反之亦然。 被概念化为条件作用的产物，与犯罪和物质有关 线索已经被确定为在发展中具有重要功能， 每一种疾病的维持。 然而，研究人员还没有研究 这些线索在患有PTSD和SUD的个体中的作用。 整体 研究设计包括通过评估1） 情感和酒精/药物渴望的主观评级和2）生理 对酒精/毒品和犯罪相关线索的反应。 一个主要假设是 患有PTSD和SUD的人会表现出更高水平的 对犯罪相关线索的药物渴望比 以下三组：仅SUD、仅PTSD和“无障碍”。“一秒钟 一种假设是，与患有PTSD和SUD的个体相比， 其他三个群体中的个人，会有更强烈的负面情绪 对犯罪相关线索的情感反应，反过来， 情感状态，将导致对药物的更高的药物渴望 线索 将进行综合评估，以确定轴1 疾病、完整的创伤史和SUD的严重程度。 以下 完成访谈和自我报告问卷，每个合格 受试者将观看五个类别的标准化幻灯片： 实质、犯罪、中性、不愉快和愉快。 生理测量 （心率、皮电活动、眼轮匝肌、皱眉肌和肌电活动） EMG）将用于测量线索反应性。 主观评价 在一秒钟内，将获得每张图片的影响和药物渴望 幻灯片的介绍。 在第二部分中，受试者将接受一个意象， 他们的故事，都是由他们的故事改编而成的。 被主观评定为“最严重”的犯罪事件 这次曝光之后， 暴露于药物线索，其次是情感和渴望的评级。 措施 在整个实验过程中都会产生生理上的刺激 结果 这项研究的结果可能对开发治疗干预措施至关重要 旨在满足SUD和共病PTSD患者的需求。 更准确地识别能够 引发药物渴望和随后的药物使用将有助于发展 干预消除这种联系，因此，导致更多的 治疗PTSD和SUD的有效方法。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): The strikingly high rate of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUDs) necessitates further understanding of how basic mechanisms underlying PTSD influence aspects of SUDs and vice versa. Conceptualized as a product of conditioning, crime- and substance-related cues have been identified as having important functions in the development and maintenance of each disorder. However, researchers have not yet studied these cues in individuals who suffer from both PTSD and SUD. The overall study design involves the measurement of cue reactivity by evaluating 1) subjective ratings of affect and alcohol/drug craving and 2) physiological responses to alcohol/drug and crime-related cues. One principal hypothesis is that individuals with both PTSD and SUD will demonstrate higher levels of drug craving in response to crime-related cues than individuals in the following three groups: SUD only, PTSD only, and "no disorder." A second hypothesis is that individuals with comorbid PTSD and SUD, as compared to individuals in the other three groups, will have a stronger negative affective response to crime-related cues, which, in turn, creates a negative affective state that will lead to higher drug craving in response to drug cues. Comprehensive assessment will be conducted to determine Axis 1 disorders, complete history of trauma, and severity of SUD. Following completion of interview and self-report questionnaires, each eligible subject will view standardized slides in each of five categories: substance, crime, neutral, unpleasant, and pleasant. Physiological measures (heart rate, electrodermal activity, orbicularis, corrugator and zygomatic EMG) will be utilized to measure cue reactivity. Subjective ratings of affect and drug craving will be obtained for each picture during a second presentation of the slides. In Part 2, subjects will undergo an imagery task, wherein they are exposed to a script (auditory) constructed from their subjectively rated "worst" crime event. This exposure will be followed by exposure to drug cues, followed by ratings of affect and craving. Measures of physiological arousal will occur throughout the experiment. The results of this investigation may be critical for developing treatment interventions designed to address the needs of the patients with a SUD and comorbid PTSD. More accurate identification of the types of cues that are capable of triggering drug craving and subsequent drug use will aid the development of interventions to extinguish such connections, and therefore, lead to more effective methods of treating both PTSD and SUD.