THE GENETICS, VARIABILITY, AND PATHOGENICITY OF USTILAGO HORDEI

大麦黑粉菌的遗传学、变异性和致病性

• 批准号: 6239961
• 负责人: CAROLL E HENRY
• 金额: $ 20.84万
• 依托单位: CHICAGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-06-01 至 1998-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6239961
• 关键词: Basidiomycetes; SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; antifungal agents; auxotrophy; disease /disorder prevention /control; electron microscopy; fungal genetics; genetic mapping; genetic polymorphism; genetic recombination; grain; host organism interaction; nucleic acid hybridization; nucleic acid probes; plant diseases; pulsed field gel electrophoresis; restriction fragment length polymorphism; southern blotting; virulence

Barley (Hordeum vulgare) L. is an important cereal crop in the diet and nutrition of humans and animals. In the US., the second largest producer of barley, 40% of the crop is utilized for human food products and 60% for animal feed. Ustilago hordei (Pers.) Lagerh is the casual agent for the disease covered smut of barley and is an opportunist agent in a range of human problems. The increased use of cytotoxic and immunosuppressive drugs and the escalation of AIDS in the population have exacerbated the role of opportunist fungi in human health problems. However limited research has been done on the genetics, and therapeutic control of these fungi. The objective of this project is to utilize a combination of modern molecular genetic manipulations and classical techniques to develop a clear understanding of the genetic variability and pathogenicity of U. hordei and translate this into a working model for the control of pathogenic fungal diseases under clinical and field situations. This will be accomplished by 1) the induction of auxotrophic and fungicide resistant genetic markers for classical and molecular genetic analyses with emphasis on gene and RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) mapping 2) the physical characterization of the genome through the development and analysis of molecular karyotypes 3) investigation of protein polymorphism through PAGE (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) 4) ultra-structural elucidation of the roles of wild type and morphological mutant sporidial budding, conjugation and fimbriation in the pathogenicity of the susceptible host. These experimental approaches will simultaneously train students in understanding the development and employment of a range of microbial and molecular genetics principles and methodologies that have across the board application for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic research. The results obtained from these studies will increase the availability of barley for the diet and nutrition of humans and animals and also form an invaluable base for applied research in the biomedical field through a greater understanding of the genetics of microorganisms and their therapeutic control.

大麦是饮食中重要的谷类作物， 人类和动物的营养。 在美国，第二大生产国 在大麦中，40%的作物用于人类食物产品，60%的作物用于人类食物产品。 动物饲料。 大麦黑粉菌（Ustilago hordei）Lagerh是临时代理人， 该病害覆盖大麦黑穗病，在一定范围内是一种机会性病原 人类的问题。 细胞毒性和免疫抑制剂的使用增加 毒品和艾滋病在人口中的升级加剧了 机会主义真菌在人类健康问题中的作用 无论多么有限 已经对这些疾病的遗传学和治疗控制进行了研究， 真菌 该项目的目标是利用以下组合： 现代分子遗传操作和经典技术， 对遗传变异性有一个清晰的认识， U. Hordei并将其转化为工作模型， 病原真菌病害的临床与田间防治 situations. 这将通过1）诱导营养缺陷型 和杀菌剂抗性遗传标记的经典和分子 遗传分析，重点是基因和RFLP（限制性片段 长度多态性）映射2）的物理表征 通过分子核型的开发和分析， 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳研究蛋白质多态性 电泳）4）超微结构阐明野生型 型和形态突变孢子芽殖，接合和 在易感宿主的致病性中的菌毛化。 这些 实验方法将同时培养学生在 了解一系列微生物的开发和使用， 分子遗传学原理和方法， 在原核和真核研究中的广泛应用。 从这些研究中获得的结果将增加 大麦作为人类和动物的饮食和营养， 生物医学领域应用研究的宝贵基地， 更好地了解微生物的遗传学及其 治疗控制