INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM ON CHEMICAL SAFETY (IPCS)

国际化学品安全方案(IPCS)成立于1980年 是以科学为基础对人类健康造成的问题的回应 通过扩大化学品的使用而减少对环境的污染。这是一个 联合国环境规划署(环境署)的合作项目， 国际劳工组织(劳工组织)和世界卫生组织 世界卫生组织(WHO)与粮食及农业组织(FAO) 食品添加剂联合专家委员会(JECFA)合作 和农药残留联席会议(JMPR)。谁管理IPCS 通过一个中央单位(CU-促进化学品安全)，其工作人员在 日内瓦办事处和NIEHS的区域间研究股。IPCS的目标是 协助会员国制定科学合理的方案，以 保护人类健康和环境，特别是：(1)开展 并传播对人类健康的科学评估和 化学品的环境影响；(2)促进发展， 改进、验证和使用适用于评估的方法 化学品的危害和风险；(3)促进技术合作 成员国之间；(4)促进以下方面的国际合作 化学事故；(S)支持国家预防和 化学中毒的治疗；和(6)人的发育 资源。这笔赠款支持的活动涉及目标(1)和 (2)。工作将由国家和国际网络进行 各机构、非政府组织和顾问；经审查 并由IPCS/CU的技术人员协调。所有IPC 出版物受到国际同行的审查，并由 IPC任务组。在未来3年，IPCS计划：准备30 环境健康标准和60个新的健康和安全指南 化学品，更新之前出版的3本专著；并准备 大约600张化学安全卡。在方法论上，专著将是 完成神经毒理学体外试验的使用；有效性 和用于风险评估的生物标记物的验证；并提供详细的 关于国际统一风险处理办法的报告 评估。此外，还更新了关于生殖和生殖健康的专著 发育效应和神经毒性将完成，以及 神经毒理学体外试验实验室间研究启动， 以及正在进行的神经行为方法研究的结果 出版了。协调全球研究的机制需要 将制定支助风险评估，以避免重复，同时 确保启动必要的研究。

Initiated in 1980, the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) is a scientifically based response to problems caused to human health and the environment by the expanded use of chemicals. It is a cooperative venture of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the International Labour Organization (ILO), and the World Health Organization (WHO) with the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) collaborating on the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) and the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR). WHO manages IPCS through a Central Unit (CU-Promotion of Chemical Safety) with staff in Geneva and the Interregional Research Unit at NIEHS. The goal of IPCS is to assist Member States develop scientifically sound programmes to protect human health and the environment, in particular: (1) carry out and disseminate scientific evaluations on the human health and environmental effects of chemicals; (2) promote development, improvement, validation and use of methods suitable for assessing hazards and risks of chemicals; (3) promote technical cooperation between Member States; (4) promote international cooperation regarding chemical accidents; (S) support national programmes for prevention and treatment of chemical poisonings; and (6) development of human resources. Activities supported by this grant address objectives (1) and (2). Work will be conducted by a network of national and international institutions, non-governmental organizations and consultants; reviewed and coordinated by the technical staff of the IPCS/CU. All IPCS publications are subjected to international peer review and finalized by IPCS Task Groups. Over the next 3 years, IPCS plans to: prepare 30 Environmental Health Criteria and 60 Health and Safety Guides on new chemicals, and update 3 previously published monographs; and prepare about 600 chemical safety cards. In methodology, monographs will be completed on the use of in vitro tests in neurotoxicology; the validity and validation of biomarkers for risk~assessment; and provide a detailed report on the international harmonization of approaches to risk assessment. Also, updating of monographs on reproductive and developmental effects and neurotoxicity will be completed, an interlaboratory study of in vitro tests in neurotoxicology initiated, and the results of the ongoing study on neurobehavioural methods published. A mechanism to coordinate worldwide research needed to support risk assessments will be developed to avoid duplication while ensuring essential studies are initiated.