BEHAVIORAL MEASURES OF BINOCULAR VISION

描述(摘自摘要)：斜视是视觉障碍的主要原因 年轻人的残疾，影响到全国3%至4%的儿童 生命的头六年。斜视的发育后果可能 在疾病的敏感期通过手术干预缓解 双目视觉的发展。然而，功能性双目视觉是， 极易受到异常早期视觉体验的影响，而不是 正常双眼视觉，大多数儿童接受斜视治疗 发展出一种异常的感觉性双眼视觉(单眼注视 综合症)以中心凹抑制和减少为特征的 立体视觉。虽然单固定术的临床特点 证候是众所周知的，但对许多基本属性知之甚少 婴儿手术眼位后双眼视觉的变化。《博大》 这项拟议研究的目的是调查 由婴儿期斜视引起的运动和感觉融合。一个 猕猴模型，它显示了许多异常的 双眼视觉通常与单注视综合征有关，已被 开发并将用于一系列心理物理调查 功能性双目视觉。具体来说，将进行调查 要获得对差异的精细控制和粗略控制的定量描述 会聚、双目视觉期间的抑制面积和深度，以及 具有局部和全局立体视觉的立体深度感知。结果是 这些调查的结果应该有助于理解这些机制 在视差收敛不精确的背后，临床上的 单视眼患者的抑制与立体视锐度下降 综合症。更好地理解未能完全 在婴儿期重新建立眼间对齐时应进行恢复， 反过来，建议治疗方法以促进手术后的恢复 斜视儿童的双眼视觉。

DESCRIPTION (from the abstract): Strabismus is a major cause of visual disability in the young, affecting 3 to 4 percent of children within the first six years of life. The developmental consequences of strabismus may be mitigated by surgical intervention during the sensitive period for the development of binocular vision. Functional binocular vision is, however, extremely vulnerable to abnormal early visual experience and, rather than normal binocular vision, the majority of children treated for strabismus develop a form of abnormal sensory binocular vision (the monofixation syndrome) that is characterized by foveal suppression and reduced stereoacuity. Although the clinical characteristics of the monofixation syndrome are well- known, little is known about many fundamental properties of binocular vision following surgical eye alignment in infants. The broad objective of the proposed research is to investigate the alterations of motor and sensory fusion caused by a period of strabismus during infancy. A macaque monkey model, which demonstrates many of the abnormalities of binocular vision usually associated with the monofixation syndrome, has been developed and will be used for a series of psychophysical investigations of functional binocular vision. Specifically, investigations will be conducted to obtain quantitative descriptions of fine and coarse control of disparity vergence, the area and depth of suppression during binocular vision, and stereoscopic depth perception with local and global stereopsis. The results of these investigations should lead to an understanding of the mechanisms underlying the imprecision of disparity vergence, the phenomenon of clinical suppression and the reduced stereoacuity of patients with the monofixation syndrome. A better understanding of the mechanisms that fail to fully recover when interocular alignment is re-established during infancy should, in turn, suggest treatments to enhance the post- surgical recovery of binocular vision in strabismic children.