FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF HUMAN BRAIN LANGUAGE SYSTEMS

人脑语言系统的功能磁共振成像

• 批准号: 6273515
• 负责人: JEFFREY R BINDER
• 金额: $ 14.04万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-04-10 至 1999-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6273515
• 关键词: auditory cortex; behavioral /social science research tag; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain mapping; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; language; language disorders; neural information processing; neuropsychology; psychoacoustics; semantics

The immediate goal of this project is to develop FMRI as a technique for investigating the cerebral organization of language. Achievement of this goal requires that a variety of standardized activation procedures be developed and that precise descriptions be obtained of the salient variables influencing FMRI responses. A systematic series of activation experiments is proposed, based on techniques drawn from psychophysics, cognitive psychology, and neuropsychology. It is hypothesized that elementary acoustic stimulus variables including rate, intensity, and duration affect the magnitude and spatial distribution of FMRI responses in auditory sensory regions of the cortex. The first Specific Aim of this project is to measure the relationships between FMRI responses and these stimulus variables. An understanding of these stimulus effects will enable the design and interpretation of subsequent groups of experiments using more complex tasks. It is hypothesized that the auditory cortical regions concerned with speech perception possess an internal functional organization for processing linguistic and non-linguistic features of speech. Consequently, a second Specific Aim of the project is to map these regions in an effort to clarify the anatomic basis of early speech processing. These studies will exploit the phenomenon of selective attentional modulation to identify functionally specialized areas for low- level acoustic processing, phonetic perception, intonation, and voice discrimination. Finally, it is hypothesized that activation in higher association areas depends on cognitive processing demands distinct from the physical stimulus. The final Specific Aim of this project is to characterize the FMRI responses associated with cognitive language behaviors which require phonologic and semantic processing functions. Component systems mediating phonetic discrimination, phonological manipulation, and verbal working memory will be mapped using a set of contrasting subtraction paradigms. The structure of semantic representation in posterior association areas will be investigated by manipulating category and modal attributes of retrieved information during a semantic decision task. The role of the left frontal lobe in semantic and phonological functions will be investigated using a hierarchical set of task subtraction experiments. In achieving these aims, this project will lay the foundation for a broader, long-term goal to use FMRI in improving the diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases affecting language function, including dementia, stroke, dyslexia, and epilepsy. This long- term goal is one component of the stated long-range objective of this program project: to develop FMRI for clinical applications in neuropsychiatric illness.

该项目的近期目标是开发功能磁共振成像技术， 研究语言的大脑组织 实现这一 目标要求，各种标准化的激活程序 开发和精确的描述，以获得突出的 影响FMRI反应的变量。 一系列有系统的激活 实验提出，基于从心理物理学得出的技术， 认知心理学和神经心理学。 它是假设 基本的声刺激变量，包括速率、强度和 持续时间影响FMRI反应的幅度和空间分布 在皮质的听觉感觉区域。 第一个具体目标是 项目是测量功能磁共振成像反应与这些之间的关系， 刺激变量 对这些刺激效应的理解将 能够设计和解释后续的实验组 使用更复杂的任务。 据推测，听觉皮层 与言语知觉有关的区域具有内部功能性 语言和非语言特征处理组织 演讲 因此，该项目的第二个具体目标是绘制 这些区域，以澄清早期语言的解剖学基础 处理. 这些研究将利用选择性 注意力调节，以确定功能专门领域的低- 水平声学处理、语音感知、语调和语音 歧视 最后，有人假设，在较高的激活， 关联区域取决于认知处理需求， 物理刺激。 本项目的最终目标是 描述与认知语言相关的功能磁共振成像反应 需要语音和语义处理功能的行为。 协调语音辨别的成分系统，音系的 操纵，和口头工作记忆将映射使用一组 对比减法范例。 语义结构 后关联区域的代表性将通过以下方式进行研究： 操作检索信息的类别和模态属性， 语义决策任务。 左额叶在语义中的作用 和语音功能将使用层次集进行研究 任务减法实验。 为了实现这些目标，该项目 这将为更广泛的长期目标奠定基础， 改善对影响语言的脑部疾病的诊断和治疗 包括痴呆、中风、诵读困难和癫痫。 这么久- 长期目标是这一长期目标的一个组成部分， 程序项目：开发功能磁共振成像的临床应用， 神经精神疾病