TEMPORAL PROPERTIES OF AUDITORY MASKING

描述：拟议研究的长期目标是进一步 我们对听觉处理机制的理解 时变刺激，并确定这些机制是如何受到影响， 听力损失 有两条独立但相关的路线 research. 第一行集中在检测简短的信号， 先前掩蔽刺激的功能。 潜在的机制可以发挥作用 在增强新到达的或间歇性的信号中的重要作用， 尤其是那些有背景的人。 时间效应 同时掩蔽被称为“掩蔽的时间过程”，当它 发生在频率外的音调掩蔽，和“过冲”时，它发生在与 宽带噪声掩蔽器。 第一条研究路线的目标是（1） 更好地理解这两个时间的处理过程 影响，特别是测试一个新提出的理论，统一了 掩蔽和过冲的时间过程，和（2）进一步我们的理解 感音神经性听力损失的时间效应， 同时掩蔽。 研究的第二条线集中在振幅的处理上 调变 这些实验的时间复杂性与 日常复杂声音感知的听觉处理 例如语音或音乐。 第二条研究路线的目标是 (1)进一步了解听觉系统如何处理振幅 在存在竞争调制的情况下进行调制，并确定 这种处理发生在单个听觉通道内的程度，（2） 深入了解最近描述的 频率对通道内和通道间时间分辨率的影响，（3） 将幅度调制的处理与语音处理联系起来， 随时间变化的背景，（4）进一步了解为什么 患有感音神经性听力损失的个体通常具有特定的 在时间复杂的背景下理解语音的困难。

DESCRIPTION: The long-range goals of the proposed research are to further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the auditory processing of time-varying stimuli, and to determine how those mechanisms are affected by sensorineural hearing loss. There are two separate but related lines of research. The first line focuses on the detection of brief signals as a function of prior masker stimulation. The underlying mechanisms could play an important role in enhancing newly arriving or intermittent signals, especially those in an on-going background. The temporal effect in simultaneous masking is called the "temporal course of masking" when it occurs with off-frequency tonal maskers, and "overshoot" when it occurs with broadband noise maskers. The goals of the first line of research are to (1) gain a better understanding of the processing underlying these two temporal effects, and in particular to test a newly proposed theory that unifies the temporal course of masking and overshoot, and (2) further our understanding of the effects of sensorineural hearing loss on temporal effects in simultaneous masking. The second line of research concentrates on the processing of amplitude modulation. The temporal complexity of these experiments is relevant to the auditory processing underlying the perception of everyday complex sounds such as speech or music. The goals of the second line of research are to (1) further our understanding of how the auditory system processes amplitude modulation in the presence of competing modulation, and to determine to what extent such processing is occurring within a single auditory channel, (2) gain insight into the mechanisms responsible for the recently described effect of frequency on within-and across-channel temporal resolution, (3) relate the processing of amplitude modulation to the processing of speech in time-varying backgrounds, and (4) further our understanding of why individuals with a sensorineural hearing loss often have particular difficulty understanding speech in temporally complex backgrounds.