CONSTRAINTS ON UNDERSTANDING PHYSICAL DYNAMICS

描述（申请人的摘要）： 物体运动通常对动物来说是最重要的。 它似乎 然而，在这种情况下， 运动分析和最终的运动理解并不是在 刚体所做的各种运动。 似乎 这是运动变换与运动变换的根本区别， 空间中的净位移和固有的循环旋转。 是 提出，运动分析中的知觉能力反映了 潜在的生态重要性的流离失所，而不是正式的 光流的复杂性或神经结构呈现的逻辑 早期运动分析 研究提出了调查三个主要的光流模式， 作为近端刺激存在的物体;平移， 膨胀/收缩和旋转。 评估将在 注意力、识别记忆、内隐记忆和知觉 organization. 提出前两种流场将 通过它们共同的远端， 解释为三维空间中的平移位移。 我们 建议将管理轮换分析的议定书 在质量方面明显不同且明显低劣 和被处理的信息量。 提出了四组实验来测试和完善这一理论 框架. (1)注意力的分配将使用几个 搜索范式，并通过分析的性质，速度准确性权衡。 (2)感知组织将在以下背景下进行评估： 可能发生分层参考框架效应。 (3)识别记忆 将在标准采集/测试阶段评估方向 方法论。 (4)内隐记忆将在间接和 直接启动范式

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): The perception and representation of object motion is of primary importance to animals generally. It appears to be the case, however, that the types of perceptual processes that serve motion analysis and ultimately motion understanding are not invariant over the different types of motions that rigid bodies execute. There appears to be a fundamental distinction between motion transformations that represent net displacements in space and rotations which are inherently cyclic. It is suggested that perceptual competencies in motion analysis reflect the underlying ecological importance of displacement and not the formal complexity of optic flow or the logic by which neural architecture renders early motion analysis. Studies are proposed to investigate the three main optic flow patterns that objects present as proximal stimulation; translations, expansions/contractions, and rotations. Assessments will be made in the areas of attention, recognition memory, implicit memory, and perceptual organization. It is proposed that the first two types of flow fields will reveal common processing protocols by virtue of their common distal interpretation as translational displacement in three dimensional space. We propose that the protocols governing rotation analysis will be distinguishably different and demonstrably inferior in terms of the quality and amount of information that is processed. Four sets of experiments are proposed to test and refine this theoretical framework. (1) Allocation of attention will be assessed using several search paradigms and by analyzing the nature of speed-accuracy trade-off. (2) Perceptual organization will be assessed in contexts in which hierarchical frame of reference effects can occur. (3) Recognition memory for direction will be assessed in standard acquisition/test phase methodologies. (4) Implicit memory will be assessed in both indirect and direct priming paradigms.