CONSTRAINTS ON UNDERSTANDING PHYSICAL DYNAMICS

描述(申请人摘要)：对以下内容的理解和表述 一般情况下，物体运动对动物来说是最重要的。它似乎是 然而，情况是这样的，服务于 运动分析和最终的运动理解不是一成不变的 刚体执行的不同类型的运动。似乎有一种 是运动变换之间的根本区别，表示 空间中的净位移和固有循环的旋转。它是 提示运动分析中的知觉能力反映了 置换的潜在生态重要性，而不是正式的 光流的复杂性或神经结构呈现的逻辑 早期的运动分析。 建议研究三种主要的光流型， 呈现为近端刺激的物体；平移， 扩张/收缩和旋转。评估将在以下时间进行 注意力、再认记忆、内隐记忆和知觉领域 组织。提出了前两种类型的流场将 通过它们共同的远端来揭示常见的处理协议 解释为三维空间中的平移位移。我们 提议管理轮换分析的议定书将是 在质量上有明显不同和明显劣质 以及处理的信息量。 为了验证和提炼这一理论，本文提出了四组实验 框架。(1)注意力分配将使用以下几种方法进行评估 搜索范式，并通过分析速度和精度权衡的性质。 (2)感知组织将在下列情况下进行评估 可能会出现分层参照系效果。(3)再认记忆 将在标准获取/测试阶段评估方向 方法论。(4)内隐记忆在间接记忆和内隐记忆两个维度上均被考察 直接启动范式。

DESCRIPTION (Applicant's Abstract): The perception and representation of object motion is of primary importance to animals generally. It appears to be the case, however, that the types of perceptual processes that serve motion analysis and ultimately motion understanding are not invariant over the different types of motions that rigid bodies execute. There appears to be a fundamental distinction between motion transformations that represent net displacements in space and rotations which are inherently cyclic. It is suggested that perceptual competencies in motion analysis reflect the underlying ecological importance of displacement and not the formal complexity of optic flow or the logic by which neural architecture renders early motion analysis. Studies are proposed to investigate the three main optic flow patterns that objects present as proximal stimulation; translations, expansions/contractions, and rotations. Assessments will be made in the areas of attention, recognition memory, implicit memory, and perceptual organization. It is proposed that the first two types of flow fields will reveal common processing protocols by virtue of their common distal interpretation as translational displacement in three dimensional space. We propose that the protocols governing rotation analysis will be distinguishably different and demonstrably inferior in terms of the quality and amount of information that is processed. Four sets of experiments are proposed to test and refine this theoretical framework. (1) Allocation of attention will be assessed using several search paradigms and by analyzing the nature of speed-accuracy trade-off. (2) Perceptual organization will be assessed in contexts in which hierarchical frame of reference effects can occur. (3) Recognition memory for direction will be assessed in standard acquisition/test phase methodologies. (4) Implicit memory will be assessed in both indirect and direct priming paradigms.